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Hinduism

TermDefinition
Advaita Vedanta Vedanta: “last of the Vedas”, and advaita: "not two”; Written by Shankara in 700 CE; refers to the monistic belief that reality is non-dualistic; not “God and us/our souls, but we’re all one. Matter = consciousness
Dvaita Written in 13th century about the dualistic belief of God and Self being distinct; two orders of reality; 1: Svatantra, or an independent reality, which consists of Brahman alone; and 2: Paratantra, or a dependent reality, which consists of jivas (souls)
Arati See WS
Karma action and then the results of those actions; related to Dharma bc it relates to your birth - good results means a good next life and bad results mean a bad next life; the law of karma determines the nature of one's incarnations in samsara
Dharma See WS
Moksha the idea of salvation and liberation that Hindus generally aim to achieve to end the cycle of rebirths to become part of the absolute soul; reaching moksha, or enlightenment, can be described as complete union with God or Brahman.
Samsara This term refers to the continuous cycle of life, death, and reincarnation; means that the soul is reborn from one life form to another.
Brahman See WS
Puja the act of worshiping, and can specifically refer to making some offering to a deity; Is also a question characterized by “What is involved (in the worship)?”;
OM a form of God as the primordial sound; the imperishable word, the universe, the past, present, and future and even things that exist beyond the bounds of time; consisting of the 3 suns of the Sanskrit language (A, U, and M)
Darshan “to see”; refers to the intimate act of both seeing the deity and being looked upon by the divine, an act that establishes a loving relationship between devotee and God, and a question characterized by “what does this (worship) signify?”
Bhagavad Gita (composed around 1st Century CE) See WS
Upanishads (composed 900-200 BCE) See WS
Vedas (composed between 1200 and 900 BCE) See WS
Trimurti God in three forms; Brahma as the creator, Vishnu as the protector, and Shiva as the destroyer/liberator
Brahma Creator God apart of the Trimurti; no longer widely worshipped
Vishnu The protector God apart of the Trimurti that has many avatars connected to him; two most popular of his avatars are Rama and Krishna; most widely worshipped god; his consort/wife is Lakshmi; is known for his kindness and as the preserver of the Universe
Shiva Destroyer/liberator God apart of the Trimurti; 1 of 3 major aspects of the deity, also known as “Shiva the Destroyer”; is also worshiped in the form of the lingam, which is representative of creation and the formless world
Shaktas devotees of the Great Goddess Devi as a supreme cause and end of the universe; she is seen as all-powerful, pervades the entire universe, and the one who creates, preserves, and destroys the universe in harmony with the rhythms of cosmic time
Kali a popular incarnation of The Mother Goddess Durga; generally shown as dark-skinned to symbolize that she contains all the universe and encompassing everything; though she is more of a warrior and ferocious-looking, she is still a mother goddess
Parvati a incarnation of The Mother Goddess Durga that is characterized as more gentle and motherly (in relation to Kali, the warrior mother goddess side of Durga)
Lakshmi Consort/wife of Vishnu; goddess of luck, wealth, and fortune; a more peaceful goddess that is also one of the most popular forms of Shakti
The Margas (yogas), paths to reaching enlightenment that are different for everyone; 3 types are the Jnana (knowledge), Karma (dharma), and Bhakti (devotion) margas
Ramayana (composed between 200 BCE and 200 CE) See WS
Mohandas Gandhi See WS
Created by: marinarasauce15
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