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atmosphere

envs 101 exam 2 review

TermDefinition
layers of the atmosphere: Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, Exosphere
where is the ozone layer? stratosphere
cells Hadley (equator), Ferrel (mid), Polar (polar)
primary air pollutants dangerous in natural state - CO2, benzene, asbestos, PM, VOCs, SO2
secondary air pollutants formed from combination of other atmospheric gasses - smog, ozone
acid rain is formed because of... sulfur pollution
atmospheric composition 78% N2, 21% O2, 0.93% Ar, 0.04% CO2, 0.002% all others
homosphere first 80km - every gas mixes
heterosphere >80km - gasses separate by pressure and temperature gradients
air currents are moved by... local temp and density, coriolis effect, land mass changes, etc
barometric pressure measure of pressure exerted by the atmosphere
high pressure cool air, which is heavy, dry, and sinks cold fronts are high pressure
low pressure warmer air, brings rain warm fronts are low pressure
relative humidity measure of water in the air compared to how much water all the air could hold (%)
greenhouse effect GHGs reradiate heat from the Earth back to the surface, causing warming can be measured by satellites, marine instruments, and proxies
albedo measure of reflectivity
climate is largely regulated by... rate of absorption of oceans and land
latitudes horse, doldrums
kinds of winds polar easterlies, westerlies, trade winds
Coriolis Effect inertia of the Earth blows winds E->W, N->S and therefore L-->R
El Nino creates warm and rainy weather weakens or reverses SE trade winds, suppresses upwelling, less fish, warmer water
La Nina creates cool and cry weather strengthens E/W flow, supports upwelling, more intense winters
we name winds... from the direction they come from
Created by: mcarson29
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