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ASVAB Auto & Shop
ASVAB Auto and Shop Information
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The engine converts ___ energy into ___ energy. | chemical --> mechanical |
| In a car, the engine is typically ___ | an internal combustion engine |
| An internal combustion engine works by ___ | burning fuel inside the engine to produce heat, which is then converted into mechanical energy |
| The camshaft is a mechanical component in an engine that | controls the opening and closing of the engine’s valves. |
| How does a camshaft work? (regarding motion) | A camshaft works by converting the rotational motion of the engine’s crankshaft into a reciprocating motion |
| Camshaft: timing belt/chain | a component that connects the camshaft to the crankshaft and ensures that the valves open and close at the correct time. |
| These terms refer to the location of the camshaft relative to the engine’s cylinder head. | Camshaft: overhead valve (OHV) and overhead cam (OHC) |
| Camshaft: overhead valve (OHV) | In an OHV engine, the camshaft is located in the engine block, and pushrods are used to actuate the valves in the cylinder head |
| Camshaft: overhead cam (OHC) | an OHC engine has the camshaft located in the cylinder head and operates the valves directly. OHC engines tend to be more efficient and produce more power compared to OHV engines. |
| This refers to the number of camshafts in an engine. | single and double arrangements |
| single overhead cam (SOHC) engine | has one camshaft that operates all the valves |
| double overhead cam (DOHC) engine | has two camshafts, with one dedicated to the intake valves and the other to the exhaust valves. DOHC engines are commonly found in high-performance engines, as they allow for better valve control and higher revving capability. |
| Combustion chamber | the space where the air-fuel mixture is burned to produce heat energy, which is then converted into mechanical energy. |
| A combustion chamber is typically located in the ____ | cylinder head of the engine, and its design plays a crucial role in determining the engine’s performance and efficiency. |
| Connecting Rod | a mechanical component that connects the piston to the crankshaft. |
| How does a connecting rod work? (regarding motion) | converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion of the crankshaft, which is used to drive the vehicle’s wheels. |
| The connecting rod is an important component of ___ | the engine’s bottom end and is subjected to significant stresses and forces during operation. |
| How does a crankshaft work? (regarding motion) | a mechanical component that converts the reciprocating motion of the pistons into rotary motion, which is used to drive the vehicle’s wheels. |
| Where is the crankshaft located? | in the engine block and is connected to the pistons via the connecting rods. |
| Cylinder | The cylindrical chamber is where the air-fuel mixture is compressed and burned to produce heat energy, which is then converted into mechanical energy. |
| The cylinder houses ___ | the piston, which moves up and down to compress the air-fuel mixture and extract mechanical energy from the combustion process |
| Engines can have multiple cylinders, and the number and arrangement of cylinders impact ___ | the engine’s performance and characteristics. |
| cylinder head | is a component that sits on top of the cylinder and seals the combustion chamber. |
| Cylinder heads typically contain ___ | intake and exhaust valves, which are operated by the camshaft, and other components, such as the spark plug and fuel injector. |
| The cylinder head plays a critical role in ___ | controlling the flow of air and fuel into the engine and exhaust gases out of the engine. |
| multi-valve cylinder head | is a type of cylinder head that has more than two valves per cylinder. Multi-valve cylinder heads can have three, four, or more valves per cylinder, depending on the engine’s design. |
| standard cylinder head | typically has one intake and one exhaust valve per cylinder |
| engine block | is the main structural component that houses the cylinders, pistons, and other components. |
| What is an engine block typically made of? | typically made of cast iron or aluminum and is responsible for supporting the engine’s weight and providing a rigid mounting point for the various engine components |
| The engine block contains passages for | coolant, oil, and other fluids and is designed to withstand the high pressures and temperatures of the combustion process. |
| Exhaust Valve | a mechanical component that allows the exhaust gases to exit the engine’s combustion chamber. |
| Where is the exhaust valve located? | in the cylinder head and is operated by the camshaft, which opens and closes the valve at the appropriate time in the engine’s cycle. |
| Intake Valve | a mechanical component that allows the air-fuel mixture to enter the engine’s combustion chamber. |
| Where is an intake valve located? | in the cylinder head and is operated by the camshaft, which opens and closes the valve at the appropriate time in the engine’s cycle. |
| Pistons | are cylindrical components that move up and down inside the engine’s cylinders. |
| What are pistons connected to? | They are connected to the engine’s crankshaft via the connecting rod and are responsible for compressing the air-fuel mixture and extracting mechanical energy from the combustion process. |
| Piston rings are ___ | small metal rings that fit into grooves on the piston’s outer surface. They provide a seal between the piston and the cylinder wall, which prevents the air-fuel mixture and combustion gases from leaking past the piston |
| Piston rings help regulate ___ | the amount of oil that enters the combustion chamber to lubricate the cylinder walls, ensuring smooth operation and minimizing wear and tear. |
| Wrist pins | are small, cylindrical components that connect the piston to the connecting rod. |
| Wrist pins are typically made of | of steel or other high-strength materials |
| Wrist pins are responsible for ___ | transmitting the reciprocating motion of the piston to the connecting rod, which in turn rotates the crankshaft to generate mechanical energy. |
| The _______-stroke cycle in an internal combustion engine is a process that converts fuel into mechanical energy to power a vehicle. | four |
| A “stroke” refers to | the movement of the engine’s piston inside the cylinder during each phase of the cycle. |
| What are the two types of strokes? | upward (also called compression stroke) and downward (expansion or power stroke) |
Created by:
HayleyGav
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