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Plant/Homeosta/Genet

7.7B, 7.13AB, 7.14ABC FORCES & MOTION IN PLANTS, HOMEOSTASIS IN ORGANISMS, HERED

TermDefinition
STIMULUS Action or condition that provokes a response.
RESPONSE Change in a system resulting from a stimulus.
HOMEOSTASIS Tendency of an organism or cell to maintain a balanced state so as to maintain health and function.
PATHOGEN Microorganism or virus that can cause disease.
FIGHT-OR-FLIGHT Short-term physiological changes in response to stress that prepare the body for intense activity to avoid harm.
INTERNAL STIMULUS A change from within an organism, such as hunger and thirst, that causes the organism to respond.
EXTERNAL STIMULUS Anything outside the body of the organism that can cause a response in an organism.
HEREDITY Transfer of genetic information from parent to offspring.
DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (DNA) Contains information that forms the hereditary material of all cells.
CHROMOSOME Single, highly organized and structured piece of DNA.
GENES Basic physical and functional unit of heredity made up of DNA.
GENOTYPE Exact genetic information carried by a single individual.
PHENOTYPE Physical appearance of an organism.
DOMINANT Allele that is always expressed.
RECESSIVE Allele that is only expressed if there is no different allele present.
TRAIT Characteristic of an organism; can be genetic or acquired.
ALLELE Different versions of a gene.
HOMOZYGOUS Having two identical alleles for a particular trait.
HETEROZYGOUS Having 2 different alleles for a particular trait.
NUCLEUS Membrane-bound structure in eukaryotic cells that contains the DNA.
GENETICS The scientific study of heredity.
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION Reproductive process that involves 1 parent & produces uniform offspring identical to the parent.
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION Reproductive process involving 2 parents whose genetic material is combined to produce a new diverse organism different from themselves.
BINARY FISSION Type of asexual reproduction in which 1 cell divides to form 2 identical cells, such as occurs in prokaryotic cells.
BUDDING Type of asexual reproduction in which an offspring grows out of the parent organism.
VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION Type of asexual reproduction by which 1 plant produces new plants that are genetically identical to the parent plant.
OFFSPRING Product of reproduction, a new organism produced by one or more parents.
UNIFORM The same all the way through; consistent.
DIVERSE Different; varied.
REPRODUCTION The production of offspring.
FORCE Push or pull that can change the motion of an object.
MOTION Change in an object's position with respect to time & in comparison to the position of other objects used as reference points.
GERMINATION Process by which a plant grows from a seed, a.k.a. seedling emergence.
VACUOLE Organelle in cell cytoplasm; functions to store water, nutrients, & wastes; 1 large central unit in plant cells, several small units in animal cells.
TURGOR PRESSURE Force of water molecules against the cell wall that allows plants to stand up straight; "turg = swollen."
TROPISM Turning of all or part of an organism in a particular direction in response to an external stimulus, e.g. gravity, light, water, touch, heat, etc.
PHOTOTROPISM Orientation of a plant or other organism in response to light, either toward or away from the source of light; "photo = light."
HYDROTROPISM Growth or turning of plant roots toward or away from moisture; "hydro = water."
GEOTROPISM/ GRAVITROPISM Plant’s growth in response to the force exerted upon it by gravity; "geo = earth" & "gravi = gravity."
WILT Become limp or droopy due to heat, loss of water, or disease.
TURGID State of plant cells when their vacuoles are filled with water, causing the plant leaves to stand upright; "turg = swollen."
STOMATA Small openings on the underside of a leaf through which oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water can move.
PHLOEM The vascular tissue through which food moves in some plants.
XYLEM The vascular tissue that carries water upward from the roots to every part of a plant.
EMERGENCE Process of coming into view or becoming exposed after being concealed.
THIGMOTROPISM A growth response to touch.
FLACCID Limp, not firm; lacking vigor or effectiveness.
PHOTO = Light; GEO = Earth; GRAVI = Heavy; HYDRO = Water; THIGMO = Touch Prefixes for types of tropisms.
Created by: trauberk
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