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9 - Fall23 Sem TEST
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Archimedes' Principle | States that the buoyant force is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by an object. |
| atom | smallest unit of matter. |
| atomic mass unit | a mass equal to ; one-twelfth the mass of an atom of carbon-12. |
| Atomic mass | the average mass of a typical atom of that element |
| Atomic number | the number of protons an atom contains |
| Beaker | Used for mixing and observing solutions as well as approximating volumes of solution. |
| Boiling point | the temperature at which a substance boils |
| Bunsen burner | Applies the heat to items used within the laboratory. |
| buoyant force | the upward force on an object in a fluid exerted by the surrounding fluid |
| Chemical change | a change in matter that produces one or more new substances |
| chemical formula | the ratio in which the atoms of each element in the compound occur |
| Chemical properties | the characteristics of a substance that determine how it will react with other substances |
| chemical symbol | one or two letters that represent an element |
| colloid | mixtures that are halfway between a solution and a suspension |
| Compound | A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds |
| Conclusion | Discusses the overall results of an experimental procedure and explains whether the proposed hypothesis at the beginning of the experiment was correct or not. |
| Condensation | when a vapor turns to liquid |
| Conductivity | the ability of an object to transfer heat or electricity to another object |
| data | Values derived from scientific experiments. |
| Density | the amount of matter in a volume |
| Deposition | when vapors sometimes change directly into solids |
| Electron | negatively charged particles with almost no mass |
| element | one type of atom; a substance composed of atoms having an identical number of protons in each nucleus |
| Endothermic | a reaction that absorbs energy in the form of heat |
| energy | the ability to do work |
| evaporating dish | Used to evaporate solvent to concentrate a solution. |
| Exothermic | a reaction that releases energy in the form of heat |
| filter funnel | A disk-shaped piece of filter paper and a funnel that are used for separating solids from liquids. |
| Flammability | a material's ability to burn in the presence of oxygen |
| flask | Holds liquids; narrow at the top |
| Freezing | when matter changes from a liquid to a solid |
| gas | A state of matter with no definite shape or volume |
| graduated cylinder | Used for the sole purpose of Measuring liquids Not mixing or observation. |
| group | a column in the periodic table of elements. Sometimes referred to as a family |
| Hardness | the resistance to indentation |
| heterogeneous mixture | a mixture in which components are not evenly distributed throughout the mixture |
| homogeneous mixture | A mixture in which substances are evenly distributed throughout the mixture |
| Hypothesis | a tentative explanation for an observation, phenomenon, or scientific problem that can be tested by further investigation |
| Ion | a charged atom |
| Isotopes | atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons |
| Kinetic Energy | is the energy an object has due to its motion |
| Kinetic Theory of Matter | states that all of the particles that make up matter are constantly in motion |
| law | a statement describing a relationship observed to be invariable between or among phenomena for all cases in which the specified conditions are met |
| liquid | free-flowing and assume the shape of the container that holds them |
| Malleability | the ability of a substance to be hammered or beaten into thin sheets without shattering |
| mass | the amount of matter in a solid, liquid, or gas |
| matter | anything that has mass and takes up space. |
| Melting point | the temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to liquid |
| Melting | when matter changes from solid to liquid |
| meniscus | Curved surface of liquid |
| metalloids | elements with properties that fall between those of metals and nonmetals |
| metals | elements that are good conductors of electric current and heat |
| Metric System of Measurement(SI system) | A worldwide system of measurement based on powers of 10 |
| mixtures | a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined |
| mortar and pestle | Helps crush solid compounds to powder for easier dissolving. |
| negative buoyancy | The weight of the object is greater than the buoyant force, and the object sinks. |
| neutral buoyancy | The buoyant force and the weight of the object are equal, and the object will hover in the water. |
| Neutrons | electrically neutral particles, which means they have no charge |
| nonmetals | Elements that are poor conductors of heat and electric current |
| Nucleus | the center of an atom, formed by protons and neutrons |
| peridoic table | table of all elements |
| period | a sequence of elements arranged in order of increasing atomic number and forming one of the horizontal rows in the periodic table |
| periodic law | the law that states that the repeating chemical and physical properties of elements change periodically with the atomic numbers of the elements |
| periodic table | a table in which the elements are organized 4 |
| Physical change | a change of matter from one form to another without a change in chemical properties |
| physical property | the characteristics of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substance |
| Pipette | Used for the incremental addition of liquids drop by drop. |
| plasma | ionized gas |
| positive buoyancy | The buoyant force is greater than the weight of the object, and the object floats. |
| pressure | the force per unit of area applied on a surface of an object |
| Protons | positively charged particles |
| pure substance | a substance made of only one kind of matter and having definite properties. |
| Reactivity | the property that describes the likelihood of a substance combining chemically with other substances |
| reagent bottle | Used as a container for chemicals that cannot be disposed of in a sink. |
| ring/clamp stand | Used for holding pieces of glassware in place with rings or clamps. |
| round bottom flask | Good for mixing, shaking, and observing solutions; also referred to as a Florence Flask. |
| safety goggles | Worn while working in the lab; they protect eyes from danger. |
| Scientific method | The principles and empirical processes of discovery and demonstration necessary for scientific investigation. |
| solid | matter that has a definite shape and volume |
| solutions | a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances |
| spatula | Used to extract solid compounds from their original containers for further experimental use. |
| Standard System of Measurement | A measurement system used in the United States. Also called the Imperial System and Customary System. |
| Subatomic particles | Particles found within the atom, mainly protons, neutrons, and electrons. |
| Sublimation | when solids can change directly to vapors |
| Suspension | heterogeneous mixtures in which particles do not dissolve and are not evenly distributed |
| test tube brush | An instrument used to clean the inside of test tubes. |
| test tube rack | Used to store test tubes, either dry or containing chemicals. |
| test tube | Used to hold, mix, or heat small quantities of solids or liquids. |
| Theory | a set of statements or principles devised to explain a group of facts or phenomena that has been repeatedly tested |
| transition metals | elements that form a bridge between elements on the left and right sides of the periodic table |
| valence electron | an electron in the highest occupied energy level of an atom |
| Vaporization | when a liquid turns to vapor |
| Viscosity | the resistance to flow |
| volume | the amount of space something occupies |
Created by:
Ms. Greenup
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