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Endocrine-PN102

Endocrine system, hormones, Dx testing

QuestionAnswer
What gland produces Growth Hormone? (GH) Pituitary-anterior
What three hormones are produced by the thyroid? T3, T4, calcitonin
What is the function of calcitonin in the body? Decreases excess Ca levels in the blood
What are two other names for T3 and T4? T3- triodothyronine T4- thyroxine
What is the function of T3 and T4 in the body? Increases metabolic rate
How does the hypothalamus control anterior pituitary function? It regulates temperature, fluid volume and thirst stimuli
What are the non-reproductive hormones produced by the anterior pituitary? Growth Hormone (GH), Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), Melanocyte-stimulating hormone
What two hormones are produced by the posterior pituitary? Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)Oxytocin
What is the function of TSH? Stimulates thyroid function
What is the function of ACTH? Stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids
What is the function of GH? Promotes growth
What is the function of ADH? Promotes water retention by the kidneys
What hormone is produced by the parathyroid gland? Parathyroid hormone (TH)
What is the function of PTH? Lowers serum calcium
What are the two hormones produced by the adrenal cortex? cortisolaldosterone
What type of hormone is cortisol? glucocorticoid
What type of hormone is aldosterone? mineralocorticoid
What is the function of cortisol? Stimulates glucogenesis,increases blood glucose,it is part of the anti-inflammatory response
What is the function of aldosterone? Regulates blood volume and electrolytes
What two hormones are produced by the adrenal medulla? Epinephrine, norepinephrine
What is another name for epinephrine? adrenaline
What is another name for norepinephrine? noradrenaline
What types of hormones are epinephrine and norepinephrine? catecholamines
What does epinephrine and norepinephrine do in the body? Increase heart rate and the force of heart contractions, constrict blood vessels
What two hormones are produced by the pancreas? Insulin and glucagon
Where are the hormones of the pancreas produced? Islets of Langerhans (also know as the pancreatic islets)Beta cells produce insulin, alpha cells produce glucagon
When is insulin released into the blood stream? When glucose levels are high
What is the function of insulin? Eases active transport of glucose into muscle and fat cells.
What effect does insulin have on fat cells? Facilitates fat formation, inhibits the breakdown of stored fat.
What effect does insulin have on amino acids? Moves amino acids into cells for protein synthesis
Where is unused glucose stored aside from fat cells? It is stored as glycogen in the liver and in muscle cells.
What is insulin's onset, peak and duration in a normal person onset- minutespeak-30-60 minutesduration 2-3 hrs to return to baseline
What is the function of glucagon? To keep blood sugar from decreasing below a certain level in fasting or between meals.
When is glucogon relased? When blood sugars fall to about 70 mg/dl
What is glycogenolysis and how is glucagon involved in the process? It is the process of producing glucose from stored glycogen. Glucagon stimulates this process when blood sugars are low.
What is the range for normal blood sugars? 70 to 110 mg/dl
What is exphthalmos? Forward protrusion of the eyeballs.
Created by: 3perfectcats
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