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TMC Prep
Lab Values
Question | Answer |
---|---|
K+ | potassium |
K+ Range | 3.5-4.5 mEq/L |
Low K+ | Hypokalemia |
High K+ | Hyperkalemia |
Hypokalemia on EKG | Flattened "T" Waves |
Hypokalemia can lead to... | Metabolic alkalosis |
What causes hypokalemia | Excessive fluid loss (I.e vomitting) |
Hyperkalemia on EKG | Spiked "T" Waves |
Na+ | Sodium |
Na+ Range | 135-145 mEq/L |
High Na+ | Hypernatremia |
Hypernatremia cause | dehydration |
Low Na+ | Hyponatremia |
Hyponatremia cause | excess of total body water |
Cl- | Chloride |
Cl- Range | 80-100 mEq/L |
Na+ and Cl- relationship is.. | directly proportional (Na+ is increased, Cl- is increased) |
How would you estimate CO2 content | HCO3 |
BUN Range | 6-25 mg/dL |
Creatinine Range | 0.5-1.3 mg/dL |
Is Creatinine or BUN more accurate? | Creatinine |
What electrolytes indicate kidney function or any fluid shifting disease | Creatinine and BUN |
Platelet Count Range | 150,000-400,00 Units/mm3 |
PT (prothrombin time) is used when | pt is receiving Warfarin (coumadin) |
APTT (Activated partial thromblasin time) (PTT) is used when | pt is taking heparin therapy |
Coagulation studies | PT, APPT, INR |
INR (International Normalization Ratio) Range | 0.8-1.3 (when no anticoagulant medications) |
INR purpse | Look at bloods clotting ability |
Target INR (when thin blood is desired) range | 2.0-3..0 |
Low INR range | <0.4-0.7 (suggest clotting) |
High INR Range | above >2.0 (suggest bleeding) |
Hemoglobin (HB) Range | 12-16 gm/dL |
RBC Range | 4-6 mill/cu mm |
HCT (hematocrit) Normal Value | 45% |
WBC Range | 4,000-11,0000 per cu mm |