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LSC Diabetic Drugs

LSC Nursing

QuestionAnswer
Rapid Acting Insulins Humalog, Novolog, Apidra or glulisine O: 15-30min, P:30-90min, D:3-5hrs, Given to decrease BG, Sliding Scale, done 15min B4 each meal and HS, used w/long acting insulin
Short Acting Insulin Regular (R)Humulin or Novolin, O:30min-1hr, P:2-5hrs, D:5-8hrs, Give 30 min B4 each meal, BG 1hr B4 meals (Meals w/in 30-60min)
Intermediate Acting Insulin NPH(N), Lente (L), O:1-2hrs, P:4-12hrs, D:18-24hrs, covers for 1/2 the day or overnight, often combned with shrt/rpd acting insulin, give prior to meals
Long Acting Insulin Ultralente (U), Lantus *cannot mix! O:30min-3hrs, P:10-20hrs, no peak for Lantus, D: 20-36hrs, often combined with shrt/rpd acting insulin, may need SS when in Hospital
Pre Mixed Insulin generally taken 2x/day before meals 1st#:intermediate 2nd#:Shrt acting
Sulfonylurea Agents -ide Glucotrol (30min B4 meals), Micronase (w/meals) , Amaryl, take only if pt has remaining beta cell function left SE: Wt Gain, Many Drug interactions, Complications: Hyperglycemia, allery to Sulfa
Meglitinide Analogs -inide Prandin, Starlix, Take 1-30min B4 Meals, Omit Drug if skipped Meal, Take Extra Dose if Extra Meal Main SE: Hypoglycemia
Biguanides Netfirnub (Glucophage) Common Drug, Take w/food, Take w/morning & evening meal, Does Not stimulate Insulin release, Cannot Cause Hypoglycemia, SE: Impairment of GI, Liver & Renal Function, CardioPulm
Alpha-Glucosidase Inhbitors Acarbose (Precose), Slow intestinal absorption of carbs, prolongs rate of glucose absorption and lowers BG levels after meals, Take w/first bite at each meal, no double up, doesn't cause hypoglycemia, SE:Gas, Diarrhea, Abdominal discomfort
Thiazolidinediones -zone Pioglitazone (Actose),Rosiglitazone (Avandia), take once or 2x daily w/o regard to meals, does not affect insulin secretion, known as insulin sensatizers, SE: Liver FUnction, Fluid Retention, need effective contraception (not oral)
Created by: ginabeana
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