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concept of nursing 2
Hypersensitivity Disorders
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Type I: Anaphylaxis | Wheezing, dysrhythmias, cyanosis |
Type II: Acute hemolytic reaction | Fever, hypotension, chills |
III: Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis | Hypertension, proteinuria, edema |
Type IV: Contact dermatitis | Vesiculated blisters, itching, burning |
Which characteristics differentiate type III immune complex hypersensitivity from type II tissue-specific (cytotoxic) hypersensitivity? | -Triggered frequently by an event such as infection -Immune complexes deposited in vessels and organs -Complexes form in blood from circulating antigens and antibodies -Neutrophils try to phagocytize immune complexes |
How will the nurse interpret the results of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) ordered for a patient with a type I hypersensitivity disorder? | Pollen is the offending allergen. |
What is the rationale behind the collaborative treatment, immunotherapy? | Antigen exposure over time replaces IgE-specific antibodies with IgE-blocking antibodies, reducing lymphocyte sensitivity. |
Which goal reflects collaborative treatment for patients with a type III antigen-antibody complex hypersensitivity disorder, such as systemic lupus erythematosus? | Immune suppression to halt disease progression |
Which finding associated with use of corticosteroids as collaborative treatment for type I hypersensitivity (allergy) will the nurse report to the patient’s health care provider? | Thrombocytopenia |
Which action will the nurse take first upon entering the room of a patient who has an intravenous antibiotic running and is experiencing an anaphylactic reaction? | Stop the antibiotic infusion |
Which interventions will the nurse determine as correct for the patient experiencing a transfusion reaction? | -Stop the infusion, but not the IV. -Maintain IV patency with normal saline. -Notify the health care provider immediately. -Prepare to administer prescribed medications. -Return blood and tubing to the laboratory. |
The statement “I may be able to control some things that trigger my disorder, but not all” from a patient with a type III immune-complex hypersensitivity disorder supports meeting which goal? | Avoiding triggers when possible |
The nurse determines which action will take priority upon recognizing a patient experiencing a febrile, non-hemolytic transfusion reaction? | Discontinue the infusion. |
The nurse determines which patient problem will take priority when the patient is experiencing a type III antigen-antibody complex hypersensitivity disorder? | Controlling current acute exacerbation |