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Conception through Young Adult
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The pre-embryotic stage of development endoderm (inner layer) develops into what? | The endoderm becomes the resp system, liver, pancreas, and digestive system |
| The cell layers of the pre-embryotic stage are what? | The inner layer is called the endoderm The middle layer is the mesoderm The outer layer is called the ectoderm |
| The mesoderm becomes what? | Skeleton, connective tissue, Cartlidge, muscles, and the circulatory, lymphoid, Reproductive, and urinary systens |
| The brain, spinal cord, nervous system, and outer body parts are derived from what cell layer in the pre-embryotic stage? | Ectoderm (outer layer of the zygote) |
| By the end of the embryonic stage, what has occurred? | Basic organs have been established |
| What happens during the fetal stage? | All body systems continue to grow and develop |
| What is the leading cause of infant mortality and leading cause of infant death in the first month of life? | Low birth weight |
| Factors that cause congenital abnormalities are | alcohol, tobacco, drugs |
| List 3 physical characteristics and behaviors of normal neonate | Moro reflex, stepping reflex, grasp reflex, quiet alert state, hand to mouth and sucking activity, active crying state |
| The neonate inherits transient immunity from infection due to what? | maternal immunoglobulins crossing the placenta |
| Physical characteristics of a normal neonate include | reflexes present; body temp responds to environmental temp, senses used to respond to environment, stool and urine elimination, active crying and quiet alert state exhibited |
| Apgar score is the standardized assessment tool to evaluate what? | used one and five minutes after birth to evaluate how the neonate tolerated the birthing process and how the neonate is tolerating life out of the womb |
| one year physiologic infant development of the infant includes what? | Birth weight triples, Deciduous teeth being to erupt and 4-6 months, heart doubles in weight, heart rate slows, blood pressure rises, eyes begin to focus and fixate, motor abilities develop, body temp stabilizes, brain grows to half the adult size |
| Piaget's cognitive development stage for infants is what? | Sensorimotor stage |
| Name the characteristics of language development in infants: | use of syllable repetition universal early phonetic expression imitation of sounds and intonation spoken by caregivers |
| Name active affectionate and reciprocal relationship between two people | Attachment |
| The emotional linkage between two people is | Bonding |
| Discovering the environment and learning to control it is established in an infant through what? | Play |
| Rolling a ball between two children shows fun and pleasure with others is what? | Social play |
| in psychosocial development, putting a puzzle together shows what? | the desire to learn in cognitive play |
| This characteristic is primarily inborn but is influenced by environment. | Temperament |
| inability to console or soothe an infant is a key element of | colic (note: often occurs in the evening and infant draws knees to abdomen) |
| Inadequate growth in height and weight resulting from the infant's ability to obtain and use the calories needed for growth is | Failure to thrive |
| What are the two major reasons for accidental injury in infants? | Choking Falls |
| Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) | sudden death in an infant less than a year old |
| Adverse childhood experiences is a result of what? | Traumatic experiences of childhood abuse and neglect |
| The role of the nurse in promoting health and wellness of the infant is what? | Teaching the parents and guardians about safety, nutrition, hygiene, elimination, growth and development, promoting health and preventing illness |
| A child is separated from the person that provides security is classified as what? | Separation anxiety |
| Physiologic development of the toddler includes what? | rapid bone growth, uses fingers to pick up objects, walks forwards and backwards, drinks from a cup, uses a spoon, turns pages in a book |
| Toddler deaths occur because of what? | motor vehicle crashes, poisonings, burns, drownings, choking, falls |
| As the nurse, what is an important factor to discuss with parents and caregivers? | Promote toddler independence while setting firm limits. |
| Physiologic characteristics of the preschooler include what? | Head close to adult size by age 6, body less chubby and leaner, can skip, catch and throw ball, copy figures and print letters and numbers |
| improved cognitive development for the preschooler is evidenced by what? | language development is more elaborate with grammatically correct sentences |
| Due to increased curiosity of the world, what is the preschooler prone to? | Accidents |
| Promoting health in preschoolers, education should revolve around what? | accident prevention, nutrition, dental care and oral care, elimination, immunizations, and preventative check-ups |
| Coordinated body movements occur due to a matured nervous system in this age group | School aged children |
| School aged children show what in cognitive development? | Think logically, use inductive reasoning to solve problems, develops understanding of other people's feelings and points of view, understands reversal of events |
| Peer relationships become that major influence in what age group? | School-age |
| Health issues for school age children include what? | Obesity, accidents, communicable diseases, attention deficit disorders, learning disabilities, chronic illnesses |
| What is the role of the nurse for education for school age children and their parents/caregivers | Encouraging physical activity and obesity prevention |
| When does puberty begin? | Girls Ages 9-13 Boys Ages 10-14 |
| Adolescents cognitive development is recognized by what? | Long term goals can be set, concepts of time, challenging adults, daydreaming is common, set long term goals |
| Secondary sex characteristics begin to develop, but reproductive organs do not function | Prepubescence |
| Ova and sperm begin to be produced by the reproductive organs | Pubescence |
| Reproductive functioning and the development of secondary sex characteristics reach adult maturity | Postpubescence |
| Education topics for adolescents and young adults for the nurse to discuss with the child and the parents would include what? | Peer groups, bullying, eating disorders, risk-taking behaviors |
| What differentiates the young adult from the adolescent in cognitive development? | More creative in thought, objective, realistic, learning is enhanced through education and life experiences |
| The major psychosocial developmental requirement for the young adult is what? | Choosing a vocation |
Created by:
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lygervase
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