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8 Chemistry

TermDefinition
matter any substance that has mass and takes up space.
atom the smallest particle of a chemical element that can exist.
element A substance made up of only one type of atom. So far, 118 have been discovered.
compound A substance made up of two or more types of atom bonded together.
periodic Table A grid arrangement of all known chemical elements.
Lattice A repeating arrangement of atoms in a solid
molecule A group of atoms bonded together.
non-metal An element that typically does not conduct heat or electricity. They are located in the top right corner of the periodic table.
metal A shiny element that conducts heat and electricity. They occupy the entire periodic table except the top right corner.
pure substance A single substance without anything mixed in. Elements and compounds are these.
mixture A combination of substances that can be physically separated.
boiling point The temperature at which a substance changes from liquid to gas
melting point The temperature at which a substance changes from solid to liquid
brittle Easily broken. Many non-metal elements are this, breaking easily when hit.
chemical bond An attractive force that holds two atoms together. These are broken or formed during chemical reactions.
group A column in the periodic table. Elements in the same column have similar properties
malleable Able to be hammered or pressed into shape without breaking
period A row in the periodic table. Elements in the same row have different properties.
atomic number The number by which elements are ordered in the periodic table
chemical formula A symbol that shows the chemical composition of a substance
chemical reaction The re-arrangement of atoms to form one or more new substances
chemical symbol One or two letters used to represent an element
chemical change A change in matter that forms one or more new substances New substances form when atoms are re-arranged. This type of change is often hard to reverse.
condensation A physical change from a gas to a liquid
deposition A physical change from a gas to a solid
dissolving A physical change where a solid spreads through a liquid eg. When sugar is stirred into hot water
evaporation A physical change from a liquid to a gas
gas A substance with no fixed shape or volume Particles in this state move quickly and spread apart.
liquid A substance with a fixed volume that flows and changes shape. Particles in this state stay close together but move around each other freely.
melting A physical change from a solid to a liquid
physical change A change in matter that does not form new substances. When you crush a can, it changes shape but is still the same substance.
solid A substance with a fixed shape and volume Particles in this state vibrate but stay in fixed positions.
sublimation A physical change from a solid to a gas
freezing A physical change from a liquid to a solid
Created by: SuttBCGGS
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