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Stain and Abrasive

Extrinsic, Intrinsic, & commonly used abrasives

TermDefinition
Black stain Appearance: Thin black line on the teeth near the gingival margin. More common in girls. Frequently found in clean mouths. Difficult to remove. Caused by natural thendencies.
Tobacco stain Brown or black stain. Caused by the products of coal tar in tobacco and by the penetration of tobacco juices into pits and fissures, enamel, and dentin of the teeth. Use tobacco-containing products causes tobacco stains on the teeth and restoration.
Brown or yellow stain Most commonly found on the buccal surfaces of the maxillary anterior incisors. Caused by poor oral hygiene or by the use of a toothpaste with inadequate cleansing action.
Green stain Appears as a green or green-yellow stain, usually on the facial surfaces of the maxillary anterior teeth. Most common in children.
Dental plaque agents Reddish-brown stain appears on the inter-proximal and cervical areas of the teeth. Also can appear on restorations, in plaque, and on the surface of the tongue. Caused by using prescription mouth rinses that contain chlorhexidine. (disinfectant)
Food and drink Light brownish stain. Stain is lessened with good oral hygiene. Caused by tea, coffee, colas, soy sauce, berries, and other food stuff.
Nasmyth's membrane Light green or brownish stain that is removed with gentle polishing. Caused by food stains in the residue of epithelium during tooth eruption.
Pulpless teeth exogenous Not all pulp less teeth discolor. A wide range of colors exist: yellow, gray, browns, or black; even a greenish color is seen. Blood and pupal tissues break down as a result of bleeding in the pulp tissue. Pigments penetrate the dentin & show through.
Tetracycline antibiotics endogenous Light green to dark yellow or a gray brown. Discoloration depends on the dosage, the length of time the drug was used, the type of tetracycline given. Occurs when the mother is given tetracycline during her third trimester, or in infancy/early childhood.
Imperfect tooth development endogenous Teeth are yellowish brown or gray brown. Teeth appear translucent or opalescent and vary in color. May result from genetic abnormality or environmental influences during development.
Silver amalgam exogenous Appears as a gray or black discoloration around a restoration. Metallic ions from the amalgam penetrate the dentin and enamel.
Other systemic causes endogenous Appear as a yellowish or greenish discoloration of the teeth. Conditions of prolonged jaundice early in life and erythroblastosis fetalis (RH incompatibility)
Silex Fairly abrasive; used for cleaning more heavily stained tooth surfaces.
Superfine Silex Used for removal of light stains on tooth enamel.
Fine pumice Mildly abrasive; used for more persistent stains such as tobacco stains.
Zircoium silicate Used for cleaning and polishing tooth surfaces (this material is highly effective and does not abrade tooth enamel)
Chalk Also known as whiting; chalk is precipitated calcium carbonate (frequently incorporated into toothpaste and polishing paste)
Commercial premixed preparations Contains an abrasive, water, a humectant (to keep the preparation moist), a binder (to prevent separation of the ingredients), flavoring agents, and color. Made in a variety of grits and packaging. Some made specifically for esthetic restoration
Fluoride prophylaxis pastes Replaces some of the fluoride that is lost from the surface layer during the polishing process. These pastes are not a substitute for topical application of fluoride.
Fluoride prophylaxis pastes (when to use) Use of fluoride paste is contraindicated before acid etching of the enamel when followed by bonding of sealants or other bonded materials.
Sapphire or diamond polishing paste Is suggested when only porcelain is being polished
Aluminum oxide paste Recommended for use on filled hybrid composites and resin restoration
Created by: davondria
Popular Dentistry sets

 

 



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