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Oxygenation

TermDefinition
atelectasis collapse of airways & small sections of the lung as a result of shallow breathing (often due to anesthesia or opioids)
respiration gas exchange; amount of breaths/min
perfusion process of oxygenated blood passing through body tissues
ventilation flow of air inside/outside alveoli; inspiration & expiration
surfactant detergent/lubricant produced by lungs that reduces surface tension between moist membranes of alveoli to prevent them from collapsing
hypoxia inadequate amount of oxygen available to cells; Occurs when a problem in ventilation, respiration, or perfusion exists Symptoms: dyspnea, elevated BP, small pulse pressure, increased respiratory & pulse rates, pallor, cyanosis
incentive spirometer (IS) device used to help promote deep breathing
bradycardia HR less than 60 bpm
tachycardia HR greater than 100 bpm
bradypnea slow breathing
tachypnea fast breathing
hypoventilation decreased rate or depth of air movements in the lungs
hyperventilation increase in rate/depth of breathing that leads excessive loss of CO2 from blood
hypoxemia low amount of oxygen in blood
pneumothorax air in the pleural space causing the lung to completely/partially collapse
crackles caused by fluid in air sacs (music/whistling sounds)
wheezing high-pitched whistle (narrowing of airways)
rhonchi rattling sound (often among COPD or asthma patients)
stridor narrowing of airways similar to wheezing (high-pitched whistling)
total lung capacity volume of air remaining in lung after maximal inspiration
cardiac output amount of blood pumped out per minute; CO = SV X HR
stroke volume quantity of blood forced out of the left ventricle within each minute
alveoli small air sacs at the end of terminal bronchioles; site of gas exchange
lungs main organs of respiration
bronchial sounds loud, high-pitched
bronchovesicular medium-pitched blowing
vesicular soft, low-pitched
postural drainage technique in which different positions are assumed to facilitate drainage of secretions from the bronchial airways
Created by: kschoeps
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