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NUR 418 Exam One

Mechanical Ventilator Modes

QuestionAnswer
Assist-control (AC) delivers preset tidal volume and RR; every breath is the preset volume or pressure regardless of pt or vent initiation; hyperventilation = resp alkalosis, client may require sedation to decrease RR
synchronized mandatory ventilation (SIMV) preset tidal volume and # breaths / minute; pt breathes spontaneously w/o vent assistance during those breaths; tidal volume relies on pt effort; regular or wean mode; can increase work of breathing and cause respiratory muscle fatigue
Which type of ventilation won't give extra tidal volume if you take a breath? SIMV
inverse ratio ventilation (IRV) increases inspiratory rate to maximize oxygenation in intubated pt; for patients with hypoxia unmanageable to PEEP; requires sedation/neuromuscular blocking agent; increased risk of barotrauma, decreased CO due to air-trapping
Which type of ventilation causes you to breathe in more than you're exhaling? IRV
Which type of ventilation gives a preset volume or pressure regardless of the pt or vent initiation? AC
airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) allows unrestricted spontaneous breathing throughout ventilation cycle; alveolar gas expelled by lung's natural recoil; less vent-induced lung injury + few adverse effects on cv system
Which type of ventilation allows for unrestricted breathing throughout vent cycle and utilizes lung's natural recoil? APRV
What is an example of APRV? cpap
independent lung ventilation (ILV) double lumen ET tube the vents each lung differently; clients with a unilateral lung disease; requires 2 ventilators, sedation, and neuromuscular blocking agents
Which ventilator mode requires 2 ventilators? ILV
high-frequency ventilation delivers small amount of gas at increased rates; used for children; requires sedation and neuromuscular blocking agents; difficult to assess breath sounds
Which type of ventilation makes it hard to assess breath sounds and is usually used for children? High-frequency ventilation
What type of ventilation would be used for a patient with increased ICP? HFV
positive end expiratory pressure vent set to maintain positive pressure at end of each expiration; increases area of oxygen exchange by helping inflate and keep collapsed alveoli open; prevents atelectasis
What amount of water should PEEP be given? 5-15 cm H2O
What type of ventilator mode is added to prescribed ventilator settings to treat hypoxemia? PEEP
Which type of ventilation is used with COPD patients? APRV
Which types of ventilation require sedation and neuromuscular blocks? assist control, inverses ratio ventilation, independent lung ventilation, high-frequency ventilation
Created by: kristina2992
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