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American Catholicism
Midterm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Reconquista | (conquering)- military effort to reconquer Spain by Christians |
| Inculturation | Adapting the gospel to a culture, which in turn adapts to the gospel (day of the dead vs all saint's day) |
| Acculturation | Transplanting a culture into a new environment |
| Evangelization | Proclaiming the gospel ‘Evangelia = Message’ ‘Ev= good’ |
| Secular Priest | Normal perish priest: who works for a pastor or a bishop (in a church somewhere) |
| Religious Priest | Lives according to a rule (regular priest): a priest who is a member of a religious order that lives in a community governed by rule of life Freelancers: Get to go places |
| Apparition | a supernatural vision of Christ, Mary, or Saint (what you see) |
| Stigmata | The appearance of Christ’s wounds on one’s body |
| Bilocation | The presence of a person in two places at once |
| Secularization | Control of a mission is transferred from a religious order to a bishop so that the mission becomes a parish |
| Mission | A settlement where native people can be taught Christianity. Live as Christians and adopt a Christianized Spanish culture |
| Parish | division in a diocese with its own pastor |
| Reformation | Religious reform movement that started protestant Christianity |
| Sola scriptura | Latin: Bible alone - Foundational principle for protestantism |
| Wars of Religion | armed conflicts b/w the Catholics and Huguenots in France |
| Edict of Nantes (3) | 1) Ended the wars of religion b/w Catholics and Protestants 2) All French citizens are equal before the law, regardless of religion 3) Limited freedom of worship |
| Hugenots | Name given to French Calvinist Protestants |
| Martyr | a person who is killed specifically for being a Christian |
| Vicarious Suffering | Suffering offered through christ for the sake of another |
| English Colonies | NH, GA, SC, NC, NJ, DE NY, PA, MD |
| English Reformation | Movement in England to bring the church under state control |
| Act of Supremacy | Law by which kings and queens became the head of the church of England |
| Oath of Allegiance and Uniformity | All citizens had to promise their loyalty to the crown and acknowledge the English crown as the head of the church and state |
| Recusant | To refuse English Catholics who refused to take the oath of allegiance and uniformity |
| Penal Laws (4) | 1) no catholics are allowed to hold judicial or military office 2) no catholic worship or institutions allowed 3) no purchasing or intermingling land 4)penalties: fines, loss of property, loss of inheritance, double taxation, imprisonment, death |
| Popery | English slang for catholicism in english speaking countries |
| Orthodox | Correct belief: accepting all |
| Heresy | A doctrine opposite to authoritative teaching: accept half of it |
| Apostasy | The act of renouncing one's faith: Not accepting none |
| Laity | The baptized faithful who are not ordained |
| Clergy | Men who have received the sacraments of Holy Orders |
| Bishop | Successor of the apostles and who enjoy the fullness of the priesthood: 1) Baptism 2)Confirmation 3)Anointing of the sick 4)Holy orders 5)Marriage: spouses are the ministers of the sacrament |
| Priest | Bishops' co-worker |
| Deacon | Position of immediate service to the priestly hood |
| Brother | Male, non ordained member of a religious order |
| Sister | Member of a female religious order |
| Monk | A man who takes religious vows and lives apart from the world |
| Nun | Woman who is a member of a female religious order and who lives apart from the world |
| Diocese | A territorial division in the church governed by a bishop |
| See | a diocese (latin) |
| Trusteeism | Lay intrusion into the temporal (worldy) affairs and spiritual governance of the church |
| Our Lady Guadalupe | Title given to Mary for her proved apparition in Mexico City in 1531 |
| St. Juan Diego recognized as a saint by the catholic church | Aztec convert that received the vision of lady Guadalupe By the catholic church |
| Bartolome De las Casas, O.P Dominican | Famous defender of Native American rights |
| Eusebio Francisco Kino, S.J Jesuit | Famous missionary who evangelized native tribes across Mexico and the U.S national border |
| St. Junipero Serra, O.F.M Franciscans: recognized as a saint by the catholic church | Founded many missions in California |
| Samuel Champlain | Founder of the French colony of Quebec |
| St. Isaac Jogues, S.J | Jesuit missionary martyred by the Iriquois on American soil |
| St. Kateri Tekakwitha | First Native American (iroquois) to be trained in faith and changed her name |
| George, Cecil and Leonard Calvert | Brothers who founded Maryland |
| William Penn | Quaker who Founded Pennsylvania |
| Charles Carroll | The only Catholic signer of the Declaration of independence |
| Daniel Carroll | One of two catholic signers of the Constitution |
| John Carroll | first bishop of the US |
| What are four basic characteristics of the Encomienda- Doctrina system of colonization used by the Spanish? | Natives owned the land Natives were legally free Natives were paid for labor Positions of trusteeship were supposed to last only 2 generations (Spaniard or Native) |
| As an extension of the Doctrina half of an Encomienda, how did the mission differ from the Encomienda? | Duration: undetermined for the missions to end Freedom: Natives enjoyed a measure of degree of self-government |
| In which five of the United States were the Spanish most successful in establishing missions? | Florida, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, California |
| What are five basic problems that explain why the Spanish missions could not sustain a Native christian community | Cultural tension Church and state conflict Lack of resources Disease War |
| Which state retains the most influence of French Catholic culture | Louisiana |
| How does vicarious suffering work? (3) | 1) through grace we are united to Christ 2) Christ continuous to offer Himself in Heaven as the redemptive sacrifice to God the Father 3) through prayer, we can unite our sufferings to Christ's offerings for a redemptive purpose |
| Which English colonies had the first English catholics? | PA, MD, NY |
| In the English colonies, what were the most frequent penalties for being catholics ? | -denied public office -denied free exercise (public) of the faith -Fines - banishment 1st offense -death 2nd offense |
| What was the first Diocese in the US? | Baltimore |
| What principle underlies the Catholic doctrine of Apostolic Succession? | - Christ established peter and apostles in offices of pastoral leadership that are to be continually filled |
| Who is the priest in Christianity | Jesus Christ |
| According to Catholic Christianity, what are two ways in which a human being can participate in the priesthood? | -Priesthood of the faithful- mediating the mediator through actions - Sacramental Priesthood- mediating the mediator, Who (Christ) acts in and through the human priest's actions (you and jesus together) "using individuals as an instrument" |
| Why does the catholic Church reserve sacramental ordination to men? | -Given the sacramental-material character of the channels of grace - along with God's choice to make the relationship of marriage as the model of his redeeming love -a male is the only fitting sacramental sign of Christ the Bridegroom. |
| What was the solution adopted by the American bishops to circumvent trusteeism ? | Before a church would be consecrated, the deed was transferred to the diocese |
Created by:
paolatorres2533
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