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Study Stack 1

Physiology 1-6

QuestionAnswer
What are the three levels of homeostatic control? Intracellular control, Intrinsic control, Extrinsic control
What type of tissue help reduce friction between opposing surfaces in a movable joint? Connective tissue.
What are the primary germ layers in embryonic tissue development? Endoderm, Mesoderm, Ectoderm.
What are the four phases of Mitotic cell division? Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
At what phase does a centromere of each chromosome split to form two chromo-somes, each consisting of a single DNA molecule? Anaphase.
Cells reproduce by splitting themselves into two smaller daughter cells. True or False. True.
Which feedback system negate changes in a variable? Negative Feedback Loop
Which feedback system amplify or reinforce the change that is occurring? Positive Feedback Loop
What are organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen commonly called sugars and starches? Carbohydrates
What are the three major roles of lipids in the body? 1. Energy source 2. Structural role 3. Integral parts of cell membranes
What is the most abundant organic compounds in the body? Proteins
What forms the backbone of the chains in DNA? Alternating deoxyribose and phosphate units.
What are the base bonds in DNA? 1. Adenine binds to thymine (two hydrogen bonds) 2. Cytosine binds to guanine (three hydrogen bonds)
What are the nitrogenous bases in RNA? Adenine, Uracil, Guanine, and Cytosine
What is the set of chemical reactions in a cell? Catabolism- the breakdown of molecules into smaller molecules. Anabolism- the building of larger molecules from smaller molecules.
Active transport requires energy use by the membrane? True or False. True.
Passive transport does not require any energy expenditure by the cell ? True or False. True.
What happens to cells in a hypotonic solution? The cell swells as water flows into them.
What is Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)? A double-helix polymer (composed of nucleotides) that functions to transfer information, encoded in genes, to direct the synthesis of proteins.
What are the two primary layers of skin? Epidermis and Dermis.
What sensory nerve endings to form “light touch” receptors? Tactile epithelial cells (Merkel cells)
How long does it take for skin to regenerate? 35 days.
What type of bone is dense and solid in appearance? Compact bone.
Osteons permit delivery of nutrients and removal of waste products. True or False. True.
What type of bone is also called spongy bone or trabecular bone? Cancellous bone.
What bone-forming cells are found in all bone surfaces? Osteoblast.
What are the general functions of muscle? 1. Movement of the body as a whole or movement of its parts 2. Heat production 3. Posture
What are the four different kinds of protein molecules make up myofilaments? Myosin, Actin, Tropomyosin, and Troponin.
What are the characteristics of skeletal muscle cells? 1. Excitability (irritability)—ability to be stimulated 2. Contractility—ability to contract, or shorten, and produce body movement 3. Extensibility—ability to extend, or stretch, thereby allowing muscles to return to their resting length
Created by: dsandyly
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