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Pharmacology 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 4 steps to minimize risk of drug therapy during breast feeding | 1. Dosing immediately AFTER feeding 2. Avoid drugs with long half-life 3. Choose drugs that tend to be excluded from milk 4. Choose drugs least likely to affect infant |
| Most drugs (can/can't) be detected in milk, but ____ | Can; concentrations usually too low to be harmful |
| Drug Therapy During Breast-Feeding: Incidence | Few drugs are documented as hazardous |
| Preimplantation/Presomite period | Conception to Day 15, usually either full recovery or death of conceptus |
| Embryonic period--First trimester | Get gross malformations (internal or external) |
| Fetal period--Second and Third trimester | Learning disorders and behavioral effects |
| FDA Pregnancy Risk Categories (least to most dangerous) | A, B, C, D, X |
| Pregnant people should only take drugs if: | Benefits of treatment must balance the risks |
| Placental Drug Transfer | Lipid-soluble cross easier, others (ionized, protein-bound, highly polar) have more trouble |
| Pregnancy and Drug Therapy--Gastrointestinal Tract (change, adjustments) | Tone and motility of bowel decrease, increasing absorption time |
| Pregnancy and Drug Therapy--Liver (change, adjustments) | Hepatic metabolism increases, requiring increased dosages (especially for anticonvulsants) |
| Pregnancy and Drug Therapy--Kidney (change, adjustments) | Increased glomerular filtration rate due to doubling of renal blood flow during third trimester, need to increase dosages of those affected |
Created by:
sfl2
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