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Chemistry

Alcohols (Section 6)

QuestionAnswer
What is the general formula for alcohols? CnH2n + 1 OH
Name 2 properties of alcohols 1. Flammable 2. Soluble
What are the products when reacting an alcohol with oxygen?(complete combustion) Water and Carbon Dioxide
A solution of alcohol will have what pH? 7
Alcohols can be oxidised to form what? Carboxylic acids
What are 2 common uses of alcohols? 1. As fuels 2. As solvents in industry
What is the functional group of alcohols? -OH
Give an example of an oxidising agent, used to oxidise alcohols potassium dichromate (VI) in dilute sulfuric acid
What colour change occurs when ethanol is heated with acidified potassium dichromate (VI) Orange to green
How do some microorganisms use alcohols as an energy source? They use oxygen in the air to oxidise alcohols
What happens when alcohols are burnt in enough oxygen/air? They undergo complete combustion
What colour flame does ethanol burn with when undergoing combustion? Blue
What is the word equation for the production of ethanol using fermentation? Glucose -----> Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide
What temperature is needed for fermentation? 30 degrees
In fermentation, is the mixture kept in anaerobic or aerobic conditions? Why? Anaerobic, as oxygen converts ethanol into ethanoic acid, giving a vinegar taste
Why is yeast required in the fermentation of glucose? Yeast cells contain an enzyme that breaks down sugar to alcohol
Name 2 advantages of producing ethanol through fermentation 1. All raw materials are renewable 2. Yeast and sugar are easy to grow
Name 2 disadvantages of producing ethanol through fermentation 1. The ethanol produced isn't very concentrated and needs to be distilled 2. Produces unpure ethanol
What 3 uses does ethanol have? 1. Fuel 2. Chemical feedstock to produce other chemical compounds 3. Alcoholic drinks
Ethanol production by fermentation is a ________ process batch
Ethanol produced from ethene and steam is what kind of reaction? Addition (water added to molecule)
What temperature is needed when producing ethanol with steam? 300 degrees
What pressure is needed when producing ethanol with steam? 60-70atm
What is used as a catalyst when reacting ethene with steam? Phosphoric acid
What is a disadvantage of producing ethanol with steam? Non-renewable resources are used
What is an advantage of producing ethanol with steam? It's a cheap process
What is the symbol equation for producing ethanol by fermentation? C6H12O6 ------> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
What is the symbol equation for producing ethanol using ethene and steam? C2H4 + H2O ------> C2H5OH
What is meant by the term fuel? A substance that releases thermal energy when burned
Created by: JoeMather
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