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VFAs

TermDefinition
1: Auditory Feedback Real-time amplification Looping playback of what was just said Delayed auditory feedback Masking Metronome - Should be immediate
2: Change of Loudness Decreasing loudness, increasing loudness, increasing variability Children: develop awareness of different voices Adults: discuss perception of loud and soft speakers LSVT Auditory & Visual feedback helps
3: Chant Talk Smooth and connected with no breaks between words Evaluated pitch, prolonged vowels, lack of syllable stress, softening glottal attack
4: Chewing For those who speak like ventriloquists Video feedback Model exaggerated chewing Often used with open-mouth approach
5: Confidential Voice Voice not loud enough to awaken someone sleeping nearby Increases breathiness, sloe speaking rate Temporary use oral reading and through hierarchy of speaking tasks
6: Counseling Educate pt about normal voice and voice disorders Explore pts reaction to his or her voice Explore factors which ay be causing an unhealthy voice Know when to refer to mental health professionals
7: Digital Manipulation Nudging thyroid cartilage inward to shorten VFS Nudging thyroid cartilage to decrease tension Gently pushing thyroid wall to approximate VFs (VF paralysis)
8: Elimination of Abuses Identifying vocal abuses with checklist Educate patient about continued misuse and abuse
9: Establishing new pitch Best pitch produced with least amount of physical and cognitive effort Best loudness and quality Patient may have more than one habitual pitch
10: Focus Good focus is in middle of mouth above just above the tongue High and forward sounds thin and babylike - practice posterior sounds Low and posterior - practice anterior sounds Low vertical - practice nasals
11: Glottal Fry Relaxes VFs and reduces hyperfunction Have patient phonate /i/
12: Head Positioning Alternate head positioning changes resonance characteristics of the vocal tract Used with other VFAs Use vowel stimuli
13: Hierarchy Analysis Expose pt to situations which cause the most-least anxiety and worst-best voice Tx begins by recaptioning those situations that produce best voice Help client generally good voice to anxiety inducing situations
14: Inhalation phonation Best taught via modeling, elevate shoulders during inhalation Model exhalation voice that matches inhalation voice Once patient masters that model a lower pitch on exhalation
15: Laryngeal massage Used with patients suffering from puberphonia, MTD, VF paralysis
16: Masking Works well with severely dysphonic or aphonic patients Masking using speech frequencies Pt produces voice for 10 seconds without masking then with masking for 10 seconds Record change in voice during masking and play it back
17: Nasal/Glide stimulation Using nasal and/or glide sounds often facilitates easy voice onset and maintenance Incorporated into any approach requiring voice production
18: Open Mouth Voice produced with open mouth has better quality, louder, more resonant Visual feedback is key Vowel sounds are good stimuli Used with Focus
19: Pitch Inflections Auditory feedback is important Practice upward and downward pitch inflections Once mastered at single-word level, progress through hierarchy Often used with change of loudness
20: Redirected phonation Use vegetative voicing to establish phonation Cough, gargle, hum, laugh, sing, trilling, um-hmm
21: Relaxation Establish total body relaxation Mental imagery is important Biofeedback helps
22: Respiration Training teach the concept of breathing as it relates to voice production
23: Tongue protrusion Helps to reduce laryngeal tension, protrude tongue comfortably and produced sustained /i/ at a higher pitch, eventually lower pitch
24: Visual feedback Self explanatory
25: Yawn-sigh Yawn and sigh are produced with maximum widening of supra glottis and gentle glottal attack Model Produce vowels preceded by /h/ Progress to natural voice production
Created by: jessicawalker
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Voices

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