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CRRN theories
Questions complied from ARN practice tests
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Imogene King | goal attainment where the nurse works together with the patient to achieve, maintain, or recover through goals. - three systems of working together: personal, interpersonal, and soc |
| What are the systems of goal attainment (3) | -personal: goals for the person seeking care, not from the perspective of the nurse -interpersonal: goals related to nurse and patient interactions -social: goals related to family/broader spectrum |
| Dorthea Orem | self care deficit theory: nurses assist patients who are unable to meet their self care needs independently |
| Neumans systems model | way in which people react to stress and the types of defense mechanisms and resistance they exhibited |
| Skinner | operant conditioning: behavior will change based on reward |
| Ropers model | all ADLs are interconnected and influence each other |
| What are areas of self care deficits determined by Orem? (3) | - universal: ADLs - Developmental: social -health deviation: activities effected by illness |
| Lewin change theory | nurses can only give the tools for change, patients have to make the change themselves |
| What are the three stages of change per Lewin? | unfreeze -change -refreeze |
| Crisis response plan model | suicide safety planning 6 items - warning signs -coping strategies - social contracts - family members/friends - professional support - safe environment |
| Henderson need theory | nurses help by providing patients their basic needs |
| Integral theory | patterns of knowing |
| What are the patterns of knowing (4) | empirical: evidnece Personal: self awareness/ elating to others - ethical: right and wrong - Aesthetic: creativity and intuition |
| Martha Rogers | unity of human beings- holistic approach with energy fields which exchange with the environment developing patterns |
| Standards of professional performance (7) | -quality -performance appraisal -education -conegiality -ethics/advocasy -collaboration -research |
| Kotter 8 step change theory | 1. develop sense of urgency for change 2. create team with mixed skills 3. develop shared vision 4. communicate vision 5. empower 6. cohesive short term goals 7. persist in change 8. incorporate change |
| Health Belief Model | behavior changes based on perceived susceptibility (#1), perceived severity, benefits, and outcomes of behavior change |
| What are the stages of anger? (4) | - annoyance - frustration - hostility - rage |
| Grief cycle Bargaining | think if they do the right thin (pray, go to church, act differently, get another opinion), the outcome will be different |
| What are the important concepts for Unitary Human beings theory? (4) | - energy field - openness -Pattern -Four dimensionality |
| Gordons Functional Health Patterns | functional health patterns are interconnected and relate to the whole person -helps nurse with comprehensive assessment - each ADL is connected to multiple functional health patterns |
| Social Cognitive Theory | behavioral changes only happen relative to the outcome of the behavior and the perception of their capacity to perform the activity |
| Seyle: theory of adaptation | persons physiologic response to stress call general adaptation syndrome |
| what are the components of the theory of adaptation? (3) | - alarm: flight or fight - Resistance: adapting to the stressor. If the stressor exists, the person becomes exhausted - Exhaustion: more readily seen in the elderly, shutting down |
| Banduras theory of social learning | people are more likely to develop behaviors if they value the outcomes, if the outcomes have functional value, if the person modeling the behavior is similar to the person |
| Trans theoretical model of change | process for educating patients and their families |
| What are the steps of the transtheoretical model of change? (6) | - precontemplation: not aware of need to change - contemplation: realizing it may be necessary -preparation: imagines making a change -action -maintenance -termination: it is adopted and will not change the change |
| Who was the a major leader in organizing rehabilitation programs for wounded military personnel? | Dr. Simon Baruch |
| International Classification of functioning, disability, and health (ICF) | Describing and organizing ideas of functioning and disability |
| According to the ICF, what does functioning and disability relate to? (4) | - body functions -Activities: at the functioning level of the individual - Participation: of all people in all areas of life -Environmental factors: effect the experiences |
| Situation Ethics | acknowledges the unique characteristics of each individual and promotes making the best decision given the specific circumstances -ethics in context of the situation rather than adhering strictly to rules |
| Prospective Payer Systems (PPS) | method of reimbursement through medicare that is based on a predetermined fixed amounts (long term care, inpatient rehabs) |
| What is a RUG? | resource utilization group, used for PPS- prefixed amount based on group |
| Inpatient Prospective Payer Systems (IPPS) are based on what? | diagnosis related group (DRG)- each has its own weighed payment |
| Fair housing Act (1968) | prohibits discrimination in housing based on race, color, religion, national origin, family status, or disability |
| Erik Erikson | interactions between parents or caretakers and children are essential to healthy psychological growth -parents raise the child and the child influences the parents |
| Dorthy Johnson | Behavioral system model |
| What is the behavioral systems model? | each individual has patterned, purposeful, repetitive ways of acting that comprises a behavioral system specific to that individual - need effective behavioral functioning to prevent illness |
| What are the components to Neuman's systems model? (4) | -client/person: central focus, individual/families/groups -Environment: internal and external factors that can be viewed as stressors -Health:i influenced by persons response to stressors - Nursing: interventions aimed at promoting stress mgmt |
| Anne Casey: model for children and families | nurse works in partnership with child/fmaily |
| Values/moral principles | beliefs that one considers meaningful and ideals that are good, worthwhile, and highly regarded |
| Patient Self Determination Act | rights about making decisions regarding healthcare: right to refuse, advance directives, POLST |
| What are nursing interventions for the self care deficit theory (3) | wholly compensatory: totally assists - partially compensatory: partially assists -supportive- educative |
| Failure Mode Effects Analysis | identify and assess potential problems and resulting effects before a problem occurs (root cause does opposite, reacts to a problem after it occurs) |
| Ethical Subjectivism | individuals create their own morality and there is no absolute moral truths. There is only individual opinion |
| Autonomy | individual actions are independent from the actions and the will of others. Individuals have the ability to form their own perspectives on right, wrong, and values |
| Why are cognitive theories important? | building on previous learned tasks and developmental achievements can facilitate progress |
| Accountability | adhering to regulatory guidelines |
| Duty Ethics | obligation of individuals toward a higher power, oneself, and to others. It focuses on avoiding wrong doing and treating everyone as equals -deontonology |
| reliability | reproducibility |
| Self concept | persons sense of personal value and ability to consider themselves with dignity, love, and reality. If affects the inner person and the persons relationship with others. Your own evaluation of self worth and competence |
| Family care map for polytrauma rehabilitation centers and steps (4) | for people with multiple traumatic injuries which requires family involvement - getting started - understanding needs - developing plan -working towards goals |
| Lydia Hall | the 3 c's (psych origins) Core: patient recieving care Cure: attention given to patients receiving care (other IDT members) Care: nursing role, mothering |
Created by:
kailey.kelley
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