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Pharm F Cardiac
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Digoxin education | For (CHF, A-fub, A-flutter) Decreases HR Hypokalemia enhances drug reaction (bad!) Hold if apical rate <60/min Take own pulse daily, admin same time each day Carry medical-alert ID |
| Digoxin ADRs | Yellow/green halos anorexia, N/V/D Bradycardia Possible tachycardia Headache, depression, weakness |
| Nitroglycerin education | Taper off "drug free" period at night NO ETOH Wait 5 mins between each tab up to 3 times Do not massage ointment Always use IV pump |
| Nitroglycerin ADRs | Hypotension w/reflex tachycardia Severe headache Ortho hypo w/vertigo |
| ACE Inhibitors ADRs | Angioedema Cough Elevated potassium first dose hypotension |
| ACE Inhibitors education | Prevents blood pressure increase "pril" Diuretics/antihypertensives cause additive hypotension NSAIDs can decrease effectiveness First dose at bedtime Check BP daily at home |
| Beta Blockers education | "olol" For (Angina, HTN, dysrhythmias) Contraindications (CHF, asthma, COPD, heart block, bradycardia) Taper off Do not crush or chew tabs Avoid hot tubs |
| Beta Blockers ADRs | Bradycardia AV block Ortho hypo erectile dysfunction bronchospasm Can mask hypoglycemia |
| Calcium Channel Blockers education | For (HTN, angina, dysrhythmias) Cimetidine and grapefruit juice = toxicity Slows conduction |
| Calcium Channel Blockers ADRs | Hypotension Bradycardia AV block Peripheral edema N/V/D Gingival hyperplasia Reflex tachycardia (treat w/ bb) |
| Heparin education | Stop 6 hours before procedures Reversal agent: protamine sulfate Admin concurrent w/ warfarin x3 days LMWH: no need to monitor lab values (DVT, knee surgery) |
| Heparin ADRs | Hemorrhage (monitor aPTT) |
| Warfarin education | Interferes with vitamin k dependent clotting factors For (a-fib, dvt, heart valve) Long term Reversal agent: vitamin k |
| Warfarin ADRs | Hemorrhage Hematoma Nausea Urticaria |
| Statins education | For lowering LDL Monitor LFTs Admin HS (at night) DONT use if pregnant DONT use if liver disease |
| Statins ADRs | Muscle cramps Hepatotoxicity GI distress Rhabdomyolysis |
| Colesevelam education | MUST be taken with meals and 8 oz of water decreases LDLs Dissolve powder in liquid Long-term Low fat, high fiber/fluids |
| Colesevelam ADRs | Constipation Bloating Decreases absorption (digoxin, warfarin) Reduced absorption of vitamins |
| Amiodarone education | Class 3 Antidysrhythmic Potassium channel blocker Sloooooow repolarization For (V-fib, dysrhythmias, a-fib, a flutter) Slow onset REPORT SOB Use sunscreen |
| Amiodarone ADRs | So many Hypotension, bradycardia dry eyes N/V, anorexia, constipation Malaise, ataxia PULMONARY TOXICITY (potentially fatal) Hypothyroidism Photosensitivity |
| Rivaroxaban education | Factor Xa Inhibitors Oral anticoagulant Rapid onset, short duration If stopped = risk of stroke DO NOT use if spinal or epidural anesthesia is planned Once a day w/food No regular lab tests |
| Rivaroxaban ADRs | Expensive GI bleeding Not useful for clients w/ mechanical heart valves |
| Loop diuretics ADRs | Hypokalemia Hearing loss, tinnitus Dehydration Nocturia Orthostatic hypotension |
| Thiazides diuretics ADRs | Hypokalemia Orthostatic hypotension Dehydration Nocturia |
| Potassium sparing diuretics ADRs | Hyperkalemia Impotence Dehydration Nocturia Orthostatic hypotension |
Created by:
Haydenmeh
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