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Pharm F Anti-infect

QuestionAnswer
Penicillins Education DO NOT mix with ahminoglycosides IM into large muscle (warm compress after) Monitor 30 minutes after IV for allergies PO: 1 hours before or 2 hours after meals Probenecid increases effectiveness
Penicillins ADR Hyperkalemia Hypernatremia Impaired renal function Parental site irritation Cephalosporin sensitivity
Tetracycline Education Poor absorption w/ dairy, iron, laxatives, antacids Increases risk of digoxin toxicity Contraindications (Pregnant/nursing, children younger than 8) Decreases oral contraceptive effectiveness
Tetracycline ADR Esophageal ulceration Tooth discoloration Tooth enamel hypoplasia Hepatotoxicity N/V/D Superinfection (C. Diff, yeast infections)
Vancomycin Education 1st choice for MRSA PO for antibiotic induced C. Diff and Enterocolitis IV for bone, joint and systemic infections Monitor: I&Os, BUN/creatinine
Vancomycin ADR Nephrotoxicity Ototoxicity Thrombophlebitis "Red man syndrome" (flushing, rash, itchin, tachycardia, hypotension)
Sulfonamides education NOT SAFE for pregnancy NOT SAFE for impaired kidney function NOT SAFE for over 65 w/ACE or ARBs Beware sun Milk lowers GI upset Drink water Increases warfarin, phenytoin, sulfonylureas, oral hypoglycemic effects
Sulfonamides ADR Hyperkalemia Crystalluria Hypersensitivity (sulfonylureas, thiazide, loop diuretics) Blood dyscrasia (anemia etc.)
Sulfonamides hypersensitivity reactions Anaphylaxis Photosensitivity Phytotoxicity SJS TENs
Cefoxitin education Cephalosporin Ceftriazone IV and calcium = fatal Disulfiram reaction w/ alcohol, cefotetan, cefazolin Probenecid increases effectiveness Similar to penicillins
Cefoxitin ADRs Penicillin sensitivity Impaired renal function C. Diff Bleeding (w/cefotetan and ceftriaxone) IV site phlebitis Rash, allergy, anaphylaxis
Erythromycin education Macrolide Used if allergic to penicillin/cephalosporin Give on empty stomach w/water NO grapefruit juice Makes antihistamines, theophylline, carbamazepine, warfarin and digoxin TOXIC If taken with Antifungals = tachydysrhythmias and cardiac arrest
Erythromycin ADRs Prolonged QT Sudden Cardiac death Ototoxicity Hepatotoxicity C. Diff Epigastric pain N/V/D
Gentamicin education Not for long term Hydrate! Narrow therapeutic index (Ototoxicity, Nephrotoxicity) IV
Gentamicin ADRs Ototoxicity Nephrotoxicity Streptomycin = neuro disorders (parenthesis)
Ciprofloxacin education Not for under 18! Rupture Hydrate! Increased risk of C. Diff Not for myasthenia gravis Theophylline and warfarin may increase plasma levels Decreased absorption w/ aluminum, magnesium, calcium, sucralfate (avoid 6 hours before and 2 hours after) I
Ciprofloxacin ADRs N/V/D Achilles tendon rupture Photosensitivity (bad) QT prolongation Superinfection (thrush, vaginal yeast) CNS (dizziness, headache, restlessness, confusion)
Created by: Haydenmeh
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