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DEN111-Chapter 1
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Microbiology: | the study of life forms |
What are some categories of microorganisms? | bacteria, fungi, yeast, protozoa, algae, viruses |
Bacteriology: | study of bacteria |
Virology: | study of viruses, hard to treat |
Mycology: | study of fungi |
Who is Girolama Fracastoro and when did he make his discovery? | 1546- contagious diseases caused by direct and indirect contacts |
Who is Louis Pasteur and when did he make his discovery? | mid 1800s- "father of immunology", created first vaccine for rabies, anthrax, and polio |
Pasteurization: | created by pasteur and tyndall, bacteria can be destroyed in heat |
Who came up with immunization? | Edward jenner-1790s, smallpox |
Who came up with bacteria eaters? | Loeffler and Frosch |
Bateriophage: | viruses that infect bacteria were discovered in 1915 and 1922 |
What are some things that can be made with bacteria? | vinegar, vitamins, antibiotics, insecticides |
What are some uses of yeast? | food/drink production, cultured dairy products, synthesize special agents to prevent disease, probiotics |
Infection control is: | preventing microbial contamination and infection. |
Who became known as the father of oral microbiology? | Willoughby D. Miller |
Pasteurization is achieved by which of the following processes? | Heating a fluid to 63 degrees C or 145.5 degrees F for 30 minutes |
Who first proposed that infection of open wounds was caused by microorganisms in the air? | Lord Lister |
The first microorganisms to be observed under a microscope in 1667 came from: | Tooth scrapings and gutter water |
What year were viruses first seen under the electron microscope? | 1940 |
Who first recognized the importance of handwashing to prevent the spread of disease agents? | Ignaz Semmelweis |