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den111-chapters 3&4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Causes of diseases: | microorganisms, malfunction of organs, nutrional deficiency, allergic reaction |
| Infectious disease: | occurs when organisms in body multiply and cause damage |
| 2 types of infectious disease: | endogenous and exogenous |
| Steps of disease development: | source, escape, spread, entry, infection, damage |
| Steps of infectious disease: | incubation, prodromal, acute, convalescent |
| Modes of transmission: | direct contact, indirect contact, droplet infection, airborne infection |
| Basic routes of entry: | inhalation, ingestion, mucous membranes, breaks in skin |
| Host defense has 2 categories: | innate and quired |
| 2 types of immunity: | long term and artifical |
| Ways disease can emerge: | ecological changes, changes in demographics, travel, technology, public health |
| Toxigenic diseases: | when some exogenous microorganisms also can cause disease without entering and multiplying in the body. |
| Incubation stage: | period from entrance of agent into the body to the time when the first symptoms of disease appear |
| Prodromal stage: | stage that involved the appearance of early symptoms |
| Acute stage: | symptoms are maximal, person is obviously ill |
| Convalescent stage: | the recovery phase |
| Direct contact: | touching soft tissue or teeth in patient's mouth results in direct contact |
| Indirect contact: | result from injuries with contaminated sharps and contact with contaminated instruments, equipment, surfaces, and hands |
| Droplet infection: | large particle droplet spatter that is transmitted by close contact |
| Airborne infection: | involves small particles; aerosoles |
| Physical barriers: | unbroken skin prevents microorganisms from penetrating to deeper tissues where multiplication and spread to other sites may occur |
| Mechanical barriers: | include cleansing action of secretions that wash away microorganisms present |
| Antimicrobial chemicals: | variety are present in the body that kill or inhibit the multiplication of microorganisms |
| Innate host defense mechanisms: | physical barriers, mechanical barriers, antimicrobial chemicals |
| The immune response is activated by ______. | antigens |
| What do activated T lymphocytes do? | 1. regulated antibody mediated response 2. destroy virus infected host cells to stop multiplication 3. produce cytokines that activate other types of cells 4. destroy nonmicronial cells that have chanced and become foreign |
Created by:
madelineyork
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