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Comp Final Resp Care
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Venticlation is cyclic: Inspiration & Expiration | Tidal Volume:normal breathingFacilitates removal of co2 replenishes o2 |
| Transrespiratory-atmosphere to alveoliTranspulmonary-alveoli to pleuraTransthoracic-pleura to body surface | Gradient-High to low. Bigger the gradient the easier to breath.HGB-70% 1.34 mL 30% dissolve plasma |
| Compliance is the lungs ability to stretch. | Surfactant keep alveoli opened and stablilized. Type II pneumocytes produce surfactant. Production around 28 wks of birth. |
| .2 is normal compliance. The higher the pressure, the lower the compliance. | Normal Tidal Volume is 300mL |
| RAW is airway resistance. Nose has the most airway resistance. Normal range is 0.5-2.5 cm H2O/L/sec | Support comes from cartilage, and "traction" from surrounding tissues. |
| WOB is how much effort it takes to breath. | Emphysema-compliance goes down, elasticity goes up.COPD-Compliance goes up, elasticity goes down. |
| More than 5% use of breathing means respiratory distress. | 4 Life Functions: Ventilation, Oxygenation, Circulation, Perfusion |
| V/Q Match-Better blood flow at bottom of lungs b/c of gravity. | Hyperventilation- PaCO2 <35mm HgHypoventilation- PaCO2 > 45mm Hg |
| The apex of the heart lies just above the diaphragm at a level corresponding to the fifth intercostal space. | The loose membranous sac that encloses the heart is called the pericardium. |
| Tissues that make up the heart wall include the endo, epi, and myocardium. | Most of the hearts muscle mass is located in the left ventricle. |
| The mitral valve prevents atrial backflow during ventricular contraction. | Narrowing of the mitral valve can result in increased pulmonary congestion. |
| The smeilunar valves seperate the ventricles from their arterial outflow tracts. | The coronary arteries are the first arteries to branch off the ascending aorta. |
| The major branches of the left coronary artery are the anterior descending and the circumflex. | Normal Flow of blood in heart: RA, Tricuspid valve, RV, pulm. valve, pulmonary artery, pulmonary veins, LA, mitral valve, LV, aortic valve |
| Arterioles in the body act like faucets, controlling the flow of blood into the cappillary beds. | Sympathetic venometer tone, cardiac suction, and skeletal muscle contraction all facilitate venous return to the heart. |
| Pulmonary vascular bed is referred to as a low pressure, low resistance system. | Normal resting cardiac output is 5000 mL/min |
| When all 3 are high or low- you interpret dx system by PH & Bicarb. | Steps to Dtermine ABG's:1) Acidic or Alkalitic2)Resp or Metab.(Dx System & PH)3)If CO2 & HCO3 abnormal (Compensated)4)If compensated (PH Normal-Fully) (PH Abnormal-Partially) |
| ABG's are drawn from Arterial Blood. | Normal ABG Levels:PH 7.35-7.45, PaCO2 35-45, HCO3(Bicarb) 22-24, PaO2- 80-100, SaO |
| Respiratory: PaCO2 increases PH decreases or vice versa- Inverse RelationshipMetabolic_HCO3 increases PH increases or vice versa-Direct relationship. | Acidic Neutral Base 1 7 14 |
| Respiratory System controls CO2Example: Not breathing-, CO2 high Fast Breathing-< CO2 Low | Renal System controls bicarbonateExample= PH = 7.30 low PaCO2= 45 Normal Metabolic HCO3= 19 Low Acidosis |
| Anything(PaCO2) less than 80 you have a big decrease in saturation. | PH, Body Temp, and 2,3 DPG makes curve shift left or right. 2,3 DPG stablizes red blood cells. |
| PH increases curve shifts Lft.PH decreases curve shifts Rt.Blinker System:Body Temp increases curve shifts rtBody Temp decreases curve shifts lft2,3 DPG increases curve shifts rt2,3 DPG decreases curve shifts lft. | If CO2 is high PH Low. PH is low if it shifts right which makes o2 sats low. |
| Apex is where the heart beats the strongest. | Left Anterior Descending( LAD)= Widow Maker |
| Blockage of blood flow thru the coronary arteries is called a myocardial infarction. | Veins, arteries and nerves usually travel together. |
| Heart beat is rhythmic and regular. 60-100 beats per minute. | SA Node signals heart on how fast, h9ow hard and how often to beat. |
| Lub Dubb- noise valves make when they are closing. | Ateries carry blood away from the heart. Veins carry blood to the heart. Capillariescarry blood from arterioles to venules. |
| Factors that influence blood pressure:Blood VolumeStrength of contractionsBlood ViscosityResistance to blood flow | Normal BP 120/80 |
Created by:
crystal71653
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