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Oral Mech Exam
Oral Mechanism Exam vocab and process
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Orofacial examinations rule out ___________ or __________________ factors that relate to communication disorders and dysphagia. | structural or functional |
| When giving any type of exam or assessment the priority should be to determine __________________________ for the patient. | functionality |
| Note speech, anatomical or other differences only if they ______________________ speech function. | impact |
| A patient who struggles with facial asymmetry motor movements, has a poor labial seal or presents with oral groping should be assessed for ___________. | possible stroke |
| A patient who presents with asymmetry of the face due to birth defect or trauma might also have _________ and _________________. | neurological impairments and muscle weaknesses |
| This cranial nerve is responsible for taste and movement of the tongue. | hypoglossal #12 |
| This cranial nerve is responsible for gagging, swallowing and movement of the uvula. | vagus #10 |
| This cranial nerve is responsible for swallowing and taste on the posterior 1/3 of the tongue. | glossopharyngeal #9 |
| This cranial nerve is responsible for hearing and balance. | vestibulocochlear #8 |
| This cranial nerve is responsible for facial sensation and blink reflex. | trigeminal #5 |
| This cranial nerve is responsible for smiling, blowing out cheeks and eyelid closing | facial #7 |
| A grayish color of the palate or pharynx could indicate _________________ | paresis/paralysis |
| A blueish color of the palate or pharynx could indicate _________________ | recent excessive bleeding |
| A grayish color of the palate if present along the border of the hard and soft palate could indicate the presence of a _________________ | submucosal cleft |
| A dark or translucent color of the hard palate could indicate a _________________ | palatal fistula or cleft |
| The medical term for an enlarged tongue | macroglossia |
| A deviated tongue or uvula will typically deviate towards the _____________ side due to the inability to match extension of the stronger side. | weaker |
| During phonation the uvula may deviate towards ______________ side as palatal muscles contract. | stronger |
| What common childhood behavior can create a wide or high palatal arch? | thumb sucking |
| A wide or high palatal arch will produce difficulties with _______________ sounds. | lateral |
| A low or narrow palatal arch in conjunction with a large tongue may result in _______________. | consonant distortions |
| TOT stands for __________________ | Tethered Oral Tissues |
| Enlarged tonsils may not always lead to an adverse affect on speech productions but typically will interfere with _________________________________________. | general health |
| In most pediatric cases, missing teeth do not typically interfere with ____________. | articulation |
| What is an occlusion? | over bite, under bite |
| A patient is being evaluated for vocal quality. You notice they present with an oral breathing pattern and their speech sounds as if they have a "cold". What type of speech is this? | Hyponasal |
| If hyponasality is present, you must consider ______________ | referral to a physician |
| A child presents with enlarged tonsils and a hyponasal quality of speech. What is the other thing you should be assessing for? | tongue thrust |
| A 75 year old patient presents with poor intraoral pressure during a oral mechanism exam. He is unable to maintain air in his cheeks. This is a sign of what structural concern? | velopharyngeal insufficiency |
| The same 75 year old patient demonstrates nasal emissions and air escapes from the lips during the exam. This could indicate what functional concern? | velopharyngeal incompetence |
| Dysarthria and hypernasality are results of poor ____________ pressure. | intraoral |
| Inspiration is a/an _____________ process and uses _______________ muscle that separates thorax form abdomen. | active process, diaphragm |
| The role of the external intercostals is to... | increase volume of lungs |
| Expiration is a/an ___________________ process and uses _________________ muscles to compress the rib cage and lungs. | passive process, internal intercostals |
| True or false abdominal muscles are not involved in inspiration | true |
| What is the biological function of the larynx? | To protect the airway |
| The false vocal folds are known as the ___________ | vestibular folds |
| The mobile articulators are: ___________: sound source ___________: influences interactions of teeth, tongue, lower lip ___________: completes shape configurations using intrinsic muscles __________: separates nasal cavity from oral cavity and pharynx | larynx mandible tongue velum |
| Immobile structures related to articulation are: __________: upper jaw: hard palate __________: biological function to cut, shear grind food for chewing and swallowing | maxilla teeth |
| The Larynx consists of what structures? | epiglottis vocal cords glottis |
| What is the difference between the glottis and epiglottis? | Glottis is located in the front part of your throat whereas Epiglottis is located in the back part of your throat. Glottis produces vibrations or sounds that are passed through the larynx to the voice box or vocal tract. The epiglottis protects food from |
| The subcortical structures of the bring include (3)? | basal ganglia, thalamus cerebellum |
| The frontal lobe is responsible for: | planning, sequencing, motivation/reward |
| broca's area | the region of the brain that grants you the ability to speak your words |
| wernicke's area | the region of the brain that allows your to understand what you hear |
| efferent neurons | send signals out to the body |
| afferent neruons | bring signals back to the CNS |
| speech in the brain begins as a ______________________________________ event. | electro chemical |
| Which lobes in the brain are responsible for sensory input? | parietal, temporal, occipital lobes |
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