Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
med surg three
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the four classifications of burns | electrical, chemical, radiation and thermal |
| How are burns classified | according to cause |
| Which burn classification would be like an electrical shock | electrical |
| Which burn would be like getting splashed with battery acid | chemical |
| Which burn is like getting a treatment for cancer | radiation |
| Which burn is like getting a sunburn | thermal |
| When you get a burn down to the bone it is what degree | 4th |
| When you get a burn that is thru the epidermis and just into the dermis, very painful and takes 2-4 weeks to heal it is what degree | 2nd |
| When your burn is superficial, could be slightly painful and should heal within a few days it is to what degree | 1st |
| When your burn has destroyed the epidermis and the dermis, no pain at particular burn site, is white or charred and takes skilled medical treatment to heal it is | 3rd degree |
| What is the “rule of” that is associated with burn body area fraction | 9 |
| What are the three phases of burn management | Resuscitative, Acute and Rehabilitation |
| In the first stage, what are the two basic rules | pain always and sterile always |
| What is the goal of the first stage (Resuscitative) | To keep pt alive |
| Since we not only burn on the outside but may also breathe the heated smoke we would need | Oxygen |
| The pt in the first stage would need how many IV’s and what gauge would we want | (2) 18 gauge IV’s |
| If there is a lack of urine what should we be ready for | Shock |
| We should start pt’s in the first stage on tagament or something similar to prevent | Curlings ulcers/stress ulcers |
| In the second (Acute) Phase we will focus on | wound care |
| What is the key to survival in the 2nd (acute) phase | early wound closure |
| Wound care in the second stage is | still sterile |
| What are we removing when we debride eschar | dead skin |
| What is removal of dead tissue called | debridement |
| In the final phase of burn management (Rehabilitation), we focus on | PT and OT |
| What are some complications of burns | infection, curlings ulcer, pneumonia, kidney failure and contractures |
| Whats the best way we avoid infections with burns | sterile technique always |
| How would we avoid Curling ulcers in our burn pt’s | IV protonix, Tagamet, any GI med |
| What is the number one way to help avoid pneumonia | Encourage TCDB (turn cough deep breath) |
| What do we do to avoid kidney failure | Increase fluid intake |
| What do we do to keep our pt from developing contractures | ROM, or move them |
| What do we do with eschar | remove it so we have healthy tissue for healing |
| Our pt is sitting in a room all day every day, he’ll be bored so how do we fix this | Lots of distractions |
| How many intentions are there in wound healing | 3 |
| The first intention is characterized by what | nice clean cuts, sewed back together |
| The second intention is characterized by what | Rips, tears, ulcers, not clean wound and hard to heal |
| The third intention is characterized by what | wound that was intentionaly left open before healing |
| What is the universal blood donor | O- |
| What is the universal acceptor | AB+ |
| A blood type has anti | B |
| AB blood type has | No antigens |
| B blood type has anti | A |
| O blood type has anti | A and B |
| RH+ the RH antigen is | present |
| Red blood cells provide what to the bodies tissues | O2 |
| White blood cells assist in | immunity |
| What is an increased total White Blood Cell count called | Leukocytosis |
| Platelets are active in what process of the body | clotting |
| What is a Low White Blood Cell count called | Leukepenia |
| What does a Prothrombin Time (PT) give us | Actual amount of time taken by blood to clot |
| What do we need to check before we give anticoagulants | PT |
| What does the erythrocyte Sedementation Rate measure (ESED rate) | speed in mm/h at which RBC’s settle to the bottom of the tube of unclotted blood |
| What is a plasma expander that is used to replace circulating blood volume called | colloid solution |
| What is the maximum amount of time to hang a bag of blood after receiving it from the blood bank | 30 minutes |
| What is the maximum amount of time that blood can hang | 4 hours |
| What is responsible for most fatal blood transfusion reactions | human error |
| What is the most common immunoglobulin | IgG |
| What is one major way to prevent infections | Hand washing |
| What is the goal of treatment for sickle cell anemia | increase tissue perfusion |
| You must have how many sickle cell genes in order to have the disease | 2 |
| What is the most common type of leukemia in kids under 15 | Acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) |
| What are the major S/S of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) | Bruising and recurrent infection |
| When are lymph nodes easily palpatable | during infection |
| If you are getting an autogenous blood transfusion, who donated it | You did |
| If you are getting an allogenous blood transfusion, who donated it | All people other than you or your family |
| When you have polycythemia, or too many RBC’s, WBC’s and platelets, what is treatment for this | therapeutic phlebotomy |
| Which anemia is the most common type | iron deficiency anemia |
| Which anemia is when you are not able to absorb Vit B12 in the stomach | Pernicious |
| What is the defining characteristic for Sickle Cell Disease | deformed red blood cells collecting in small blood vessels |
| Some of the symptoms of Sickle Cell Disease are skin irritation, swelling of hands and feet and severe unpredictable pain in the | extremeties |
| How would we treat a sickle cell crisis | O2, elevate HOB, High rate of IV Fluids, 1 mg folic acid daily and narcotics |
| Thalassemia, anemia characterized by deficient damaged chains of Hgb, can cause the heart, lier and pancreas to lose their capability to function by becoming | fibrotic |
| What is a sex linked disease that effects mostly males because it is a recessive gene on the X chromosome that comes from the mother and causes severe bleeding | hemophilia |
| What can we do to help stop the bleeding for hemophilia pt’s | pressure and ice |
| What is a common finding in Hodgkins disease | painless enlarged lymph nodes |
| How is the Hodgkins disease dx | biopsy showing Reed-Sternberg cells in lymph nodes |
| What is the rubbing off of tissue called | abrasion |
| What is an abrasion of the epidermis | EXCORIATION |
| What is a wound with torn ragged edges | laceration |
| What is the discoloration of skin due to blood in the tissue outside the bnlood | purpura |
| What is the difference in eczema and psoriasis | eczema has red bumps and psoriasis has white bumps |
| What are the danger signs of warts | Asymmetry – Border - Color or ABC |
| What can be hung with a blood transfusion | Only NS |
| If you suspect a reaction to a blood transfusion what should you do first | stop it |
| What is a foreign invader to the body called | pathogen |
| What is a hypersensitivity to one or more substances | allergy |
| What is the body’s ability to recognize foreign proteins and to marshal its defenses to destroy the foreign matter called | Normal Immunity |
| When the body fails to recognize its own self and begins to destroy itself this is | an autoimmune response |
| What are the four ways an antigen can enter the human body | inhaation, ingestion, injection and direct contact |
| What are the different types of allergy responses | Integumnetary, respiratory, GI, Drug and Multisystem |
| The treatments for allergies are | Avoidance, immunotherapy and medication |
| What is a hypersensitivity reaction to an antigen | anaphlaxis |
| When the immune system fails to operate as it should it is called | an immune disporder |
| The treatment for anaphlaxis is | remove the causative agent, administer the antihistamine, epinephrine and apply a tournaquet aboe the offending area and apply cold compress |
| What are some autoimmune diseases | RA, rejection of transplanted organ, Systemic Lupus Erythromatosus autoimmune disease(SLE), myasthenia Gravis and HIV/AIDS |
| In HIV/AIDS what cells are attacked and killed | T-Cells and B-Cells |
| Where are the T-Cells primarily produced | Thymus |
| Where are the B-Cells primarily produced | Bone Marrow |
| When the T-cell count is below 200 you are considered to have | AIDS |
| What are the two tests that are given to confirm the dx of HIV | EIA (Enzyme immunoassay) and Western Blot |
| What determines the status of the immune system and the strength of the virus | Viral Load |
| What are the three types of drugs given in an HIV/AIDS pt’s to lower the viral load | Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Non- Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors and Protease Inhibitors |
| What is an infection that in a normal person would do little to no harm but in an immunocompromised pt such as an aids pt could kill them | Opportunistic Infection |
| What are some common oppotunistic infections | candidas, cryptococcus, cytomegalvirus, histoplasmosis, herpes simples |
| What is body wasting | A sudden unexplained weight loss of 10% of the body weight |
Created by:
1078380780
Popular Nursing sets