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Sedatives and Hypnotics -Example Drugs**: **Lorazepam**, **Zolpidem**, **Phen
QuestionSedatives and Hypnotic | Answer |
---|---|
Example Drugs? | Lorazepam**, **Zolpidem**, **Phenobarbital**. |
what is thhe Mode of Administration? | Oral, IV, IM. |
what are the Pharmacokinetics? | Rapidly absorbed; metabolized in the liver, excreted by the kidneys. |
what are the Pharmacodynamics? | Enhance GABAergic activity, inducing sedation or sleep. |
what are the Adverse Effects? | Drowsiness, dizziness, respiratory depression, dependency. |
what are the Indications? | Anxiety, insomnia, preoperative sedation. |
what are the Nursing Considerations? | Monitor for respiratory function, assess for dependence, use caution in elderly. |
Central Nervous System Stimulants | |
Example Drugs? | Methylphenidate**, **Dextroamphetamine**, **Modafinil |
what are the Mode of Administration? | Oral, transdermal. |
what are the Pharmacokinetics? | Rapid absorption, hepatic metabolism, excreted in urine. |
what are the Pharmacodynamics? | Increase norepinephrine and dopamine, enhancing attention and energy. |
what are the Indications? | ADHD, narcolepsy. |
what are the Contraindications? | Hypertension, severe anxiety, cardiovascular disease. |
what are the Nursing Considerations? | Monitor for increased heart rate, blood pressure, and signs of misuse. |
what are the Adverse Effects? | Insomnia, tachycardia, nervousness, potential for addiction. |