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PVD

QuestionAnswer
Vascular heart disease Echocardiogram/TEE, CXR, ECG, heart cath
Aortic stenosis Valve does not open fully
Aortic regurgitation valve does not close completely
Valvular heart disease Sodium restriction, anticoagulation therapy, anti-dysrhythmic drugs
Valve repair PTBV (balloon)
Valve replacement Mechanical, long term anticoagulation, lasts longer. Biologic, no anticoagulation, replace every 7-10 years
Heart valve implementation Monitor INR, 2.5 - 3.5 w/mechanical (2-3 normally). Avoid strenuous activity, no tobacco
Infective endocarditis Vegetation (clots form and increase size of lesion), parts break off and enter circulation (emobolization)
Infective endocarditis manifestations Fever, heart murmur! Osier nodes (painful), Jane way lesions (non painful), Roth spots (eyes). Heart failure
Infective endocarditis diagnosis Blood cultures (2 sets, 2 sites, 2 hours apart)
Infective endocarditis care Antibiotics (PICC), antipyretics, analgesics, fluids, rest, valve repair/replacement. Good hygiene, antibiotic prophylaxis before/after dental procedure
Myocarditis Inflamed middle layer muscle of heart.
Myocarditis management Antibiotics, bed rest, oxygen, analgesics (No NSAIDS), ACE; Beta blockers: diuretics: digoxin. Compression stockings, heparin, cardiac monitoring
Pericarditis Inflamed outer layer muscle of heart. Caused by virus, bacteria, TB, surgery, MI, trauma, chronic anemia
Pericarditis symptoms Sharp chest pain, sitting up relieves pain, dyspnea, pericardial friction rub
Pericarditis complications Pericardial effusion - muffled heart sounds. Cardiac tamponade - distended neck veins, hypotension, narrow pulse pressure, tachycardia, decreased CO
Pericarditis/pericardial effusion management Aspirin, pericardiocentesis, pericardial window
Cardiac Tamponade s/s Muffled heart sounds, hypotension, JVD (becks triad)
Cardiac tamponade treatment Pericardiocentesis, pericardial window. Maintain BP >90
Created by: Haydenmeh
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