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special populations
st430
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Multiple sclerosis, lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis are examples of: | autoimmune disease |
| For which type of transmission-based disease would health care workers need to be fitted for an N-95 respirator mask? | airbone |
| Which physiological response to environmental temperature changes is missing or undeveloped in an infant of less than 6 months of age? | shivering |
| What is the number one cause of death in children ages 1 to 15 in the United States? | accidents |
| The term golden hour refers to reduction of morbidity and mortality of which type of patient population? | trauma victims |
| A surgical technologist working in a Veteran's Administration (VA) facility might frequently encounter patients with which of the following conditions? | PTSD |
| What is the usual cause of a clavicular fracture of a neonate during a vaginal delivery? | shoulder dystocia |
| Which body system is highly susceptible to injury during positioning of bariatric and geriatric patients? | integumentary |
| Which special patient population group has a 30% to 80% statistical likelihood of coexisting psychiatric illness in addition to the diagnosis for which they are coming to surgery? | substance abuse |
| Which of the following activities would present no risk of contracting HIV from an infected individual? | conversation in close proximity |
| What other condition frequently suffered by obese patients and discovered intraoperatively may be treated surgically in conjunction with a bariatric procedure? | cholelithiasis |
| Which patient condition might be characterized by physical appearance of flat nasal bridge and short neck with some impairment of cognitive ability and growth, slower speech, and an affectionate to clingy persona? | down syndrome |
| Which classification of antibiotics is contraindicated for use in neonates due to increased incidence of kernicterus? | sulfonamides |
| Pediatric patients require an enhanced team focus on the physiological needs in a more dramatic way than any other age group. | true |
| Placement of a rolled sheet or pad to elevate a pregnant patient's right hip, tilting the operating room table to the left with slight Trendelenburg, or both will shift the weight of the gravid uterus and relieve pressure from the | abdominal aorta and vena cava |
| In which pediatric age group would all of the craniofacial sinuses be fully developed? | adolescent |
| During which part of pregnancy would an abdominal surgery be considered safest for both mother and fetus? | second trimester |
| To preserve evidence in a criminal case, what might be done to the patient's hands if the patient does not require surgery? | bags are placed around the hands and taped in place |
| Bariatric patients undergoing surgery and in the immediate postoperative period should have sequential compression devices applied to the lower extremities to prevent: | deep vein thrombosis |
| Which of the following is NOT a potential risk from administration of general anesthesia to a pregnant patient? | placenta previa |
| Which organ is responsible for the failure to produce insulin in a patient with type I diabetes? | pancreas |
| Surgical site infections (SSIs) are the most common postoperative complication in patients with diabetes due to the increased perfusion of affected tissues. | false |
| Overgrowth of which microorganism is most likely responsible for pediatric cases of enterocolitis following antibiotic therapy? | clostridium difficile |
| Vomiting from preoperative narcotics can predispose patients with diabetes to fluid and electrolyte imbalances resulting in: | hypoglycemia |
| Approximately 80% of which special patient population presents to surgery with one or more comorbid conditions? | geriatric |
| Conditions such as severe arthritis, contractures, and tremors are categorized under which type of challenge? | physical |
| What type of physiological measurement method is rarely done in a neonatal patient due to risk of anatomical trauma | urethral catheterization for urinary output |
| Diabetes mellitus is a disorder of which body system? | endocrine |
| Which level of trauma center designation can meet all the needs required for treating patients on a 24-hour basis? | level 1 |
| For which condition would a patient coming to the operating room likely need an interpreter? | complete deafness |
| Patients with developmental delays may suffer cognitive disabilities, but may also exhibit normal intelligence. | true |
| Kaposi's sarcoma is sometimes seen in combination with which of the following diseases? | AIDS |
| Wound healing in bariatric surgery patients is enhanced due to the increased vascularity of adipose tissue. | false |
| Which of the following is a common response of pediatric patients to injury and may result in gastric dilatation? | hyperventilation |
| What is the name of the device used to test the blood of patients with diabetes for metabolic status? | glucometer |
| All of the following national agencies have regulations or protocols for health care workers who may be exposed to infectious diseases in their work environment EXCEPT: | NFPA |
| High- or low-velocity projectiles are factors in which type of injuries? | penetrating |
| Which special patient populations would likely require diagnostic biopsies for verification of cryptosporidiosis, candidiasis, or cytomegalovirus infections? | HIV/AIDS |
| What is a coping mechanism often seen in children reacting to trauma? | regression |
| What is the MOST common type of shock seen in infants and children? | septic |
| Which position enhances a bariatric patient's total lung volume and aids in ventilation? | reverse trenelenburg |
| Physical forces of deceleration, acceleration, compression, and shearing are factors in which type of injuries? | blunt |
| What is the chemical and physiological classification of insulin? | hormone |
| In a surgical procedure on a severely injured trauma patient, which of the following measures is of utmost importance? | keeping the patient's spine in alignment during changes in position |
| What is a common potential side effect of all forms of antibiotic therapy for major pediatric infections? | pseudomembranous enterocolitis |
| Which organ is MOST often injured in motor vehicle accidents? | spleen |
| A patient with acquired immunodeficiency virus may have complications of multiple infections from diseases considered to be: | opportunistic |
| In many cases, for all age populations, pulse oximetry has replaced arterial blood gases (ABGs) as the routine method of monitoring blood oxygenation, due to its low cost, ease, and decreased potential for infection. | True |
| Which anesthetic method helps reduce the anxiety and stress experienced by pediatric surgical patients? | rapid induction |
| What is the term for the mechanism of injury in a trauma patient that takes into account velocity of the injuring force, flexibility of the tissue, and shape of the injuring force? | kinematics |
| Morbid obesity refers to patients whose body weight is greater than how many pounds over their ideal weight? | 100 |
| For which special patient population group would the help of a counselor or social worker who could communicate the current state of mind or mood of the patient to the OR staff be of benefit to all parties involved? | substance abuse |
| Which diagnosis could create a social stigma and possible overdramatization of exposure risk by health care workers? | human immunodeficiency virus |
| In what way can the surgical technologist who is setting up his or her back table and Mayo stand reduce an 18-month-old patient's an prior to induction of anesthesia? | Perform normal duties of preparation of the sterile field, keeping as quiet as possible for induction |
| Which of the following is the major cause of serious trauma suffered by pediatric patients? | motor vehicle accidents |
| During a surgical procedure on a pregnant patient, the surgical technologist in the scrub role may be asked to palpate what area to detect possible contractions? | gravid uterus |
| Which broad category of routes of transmission of microorganisms includes food, water, and medical devices and equipment? | common vehicle |
| An emergency laparotomy would be the indicated treatment for all of the following postoperative bariatric surgery complications EXCEPT: | thrombophlebitis |
| A patient undergoing bariatric surgery may require extra time for general anesthetic reversal because anesthetic agents may be accumulated in and slowly eliminated from what type of tissue? | adipose fat |
| Because of the types of drugs used to prevent rejection of a transplanted organ, the recipient patient is considered to have which of the following? | immunosuppressed status |
Created by:
editsuchan
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