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Phonetics Chap 2
| Question | Answer | examples |
|---|---|---|
| graphemes | printed letters | |
| phonetic alphabet | separate letter for each individual sound in the language | |
| allographs | different letter sequences or patterns that represent the same sound | loop, through, threw, fruit, canoe all have the ew sound |
| digraphs | pairs of letters that represent one sound | oo, ee, ss, or sh, ea, ie |
| morpheme | the smallest unit of language capable of carrying meaning | book is one morpheme, books is two morphemes because the "s" changes the meaning of the word book and the "s" is a plural morpheme |
| free morpheme | morphemes that can stand alone and still carry meaning | book, free, music, press |
| bound morphemes | bound to other words and carry no meaning when they stand alone | pre, re, s, ian, ure, |
| MLU | mean length of utterance | |
| mean length of utterance | the average number of morphemes per utterance | used to determine whether a child is progressing through specific stages of language development with respect to both the typical developmental sequence and the appropriate time frame |
| phoneme | a speech sound that is capable of differentiating morphemes | each sound in a morpheme |
| minimal pairs | when you change one phoneme and it changes the morpheme | look, book; through, brew |
| allophones | variant pronunciations of a particular phoneme | /l/ can be pronounced different ways in look and ball |
| broad transcription | It is the basic form of transcription. Uses virgules. | systematic phonemic transcriptionuses virgules |
| diacritics | special marks that tell you how a word was said | specialized symbols used to indicate allophonic variation like the dark /l/ and light /l/ |
| narrow transcription | uses diacritics and brackets | |
| onset of a syllable | consists of all the consonants that precede a vowel | component of a syllable |
| nucleus | normally a vowel | |
| syllabic consonants | when a consonant takes on the role of a vowel | as in chasm, m is the vowel in the second syllable |
| supra | above | |
| distinctive features | a system of analysis that is helpful when planning treatment | vocalic, consonantal, high, back, anterior, coronal, voice, continuant, nasal, strident |
| open syllables | end in a vowel | |
| closed syllables | end in a consonant | |
| syllabic consonant | consonants that sound like a vowel | ex, mama and them, mama n m, the m sounds like a vowel |
| phonotactic rules | only certain combinations of consonants can be used, otherwise, you have to have a vowel to make sense of the morpheme | |
| word stress | increased emphasis on the production of one syllable |
Created by:
schaunag
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