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CSET Science vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Absorbtion | A process through which organisms make nutrients available to cells. |
| Acceleration | the rate of change of an object's velocity |
| Acid | A solute that donates protons |
| Air pressure | the movement and collision of gas molecules in the atmosphere that can form into high-or low pressure areas. |
| Alleles | different versions of a gene in a population. |
| Angiosperms | flowering plants |
| Auxins | An important class of plant hormones associated with growth patterns. |
| Base | A solute that accepts protons |
| Binary fission | The reproductive mechanism of prokaryotes |
| Carbohydrates (saccharides) | biological molecules that have important roles in energy metabolism and storage as well as the structure of cells and organisms. |
| Central Nervous System | a system comprised of the brain and spinal cord in vertebrates that processes and stores information. |
| Charge | An excess or defieciency of electrons in a body |
| Circulatory system | A system for transporting nutrients and other essential materials throughout the body. |
| Classical genetics | the study of the patterns and mechanisms of the transmission of inherited traits from one generation to another. |
| Climate | long-term patterns of temperature, humidity and amount of sunshine |
| condensation | the process by which gas reverts back into the liquid phase |
| Crust | the outermost layer of the earth |
| Deposition | The process by which a gas changes directly to the solid phase |
| DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) | the genetic material that contains genes responsible for the physical traits observed in all living organisms. |
| Dynamics | The study of what causes motion |
| Ecosystem | A community and its abiotic environment |
| Electric current (direct, alternating) | the flow of a charge |
| Endocrine system | the network of glands and tissues that secrete hormones |
| Endoskeleton | A framework for the attachment of skeletal muscles in vertebrates that also protects vital organs. |
| Equinox | Calendar dates when the day and night are the same length |
| Eukaryotic cells | multicellular organisms whose cells contain organelles. |
| Evaporation (vaporization) | Process by which liquid changes into the gas phase |
| Exoskeleton | a hard external skeleton that covers all the muscles and organs of some invertebrates |
| External fertilization | the process of fertilization in vertebrates that reproduce in water. |
| Fault | weakened narrow zones in tectonic plates |
| Fertilization | the union of an egg nucleus with a sperm nucleus |
| Fitness | A quantitative measure of the ability to contribute alleles and traits to offspring. |
| Fixed-action pattern | A complex, coordinated behavioral response triggered by specific stimulation from the environment. |
| Food-chain | a simple linear relationship between a series of species, with on eating the other. |
| Food web | A depiction of the relationships within a community in which every population interacts with several other populations |
| force | the push or pull of an object. |
| Freezing (solidification, crystallization) | the process by which a liquid changes into a solid. |
| Galaxy | huge cluster or stars and nebulae |
| Gametes | sex cells produced through meiosis in males and females |
| Gene pool | the sum total of all alleles in a population |
| Genes | molecules that store and transfer genetic information |
| Genotype | an organism's genetic composition |
| gravity | an attractive force felt by all forms of matter |
| Gymnosperms | non-flowering plants |
| Haploid cells | gametes that, when joined, produce diploid offspring |
| Hormones | chemical messengers produced in one tissue and carried by the blood to act on other parts of the body. |
| Hypothesis | An explanation for one or more observations about the natural world. |
| Immune system | the body's system of protection against invasion by unwanted organisms |
| Maturation | the development of an embryo to an adult |
| Meiosis | a specialized form of eukaryotic cell division involving make and female gametes |
| melting (fusion) | the process by which a solid changes into a liquid |
| Minerals | naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline solids |
| Mitosis | an asexual reproductive process of eukaryotic cells in which cells divide to form two daughter cells with the same genetic makeup as the parent cell |
| Nucleic acids | essential informational molecules found in all living things. |
| Organic compounds | chemicals that contain carbon; inorganic compounds do not contain carbon |
| Organs | large anatomical structures made from several tissues. |
| Orogenesis | the processes of maountain formation |
| Osmosis | the simple diffusion of water from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration. |
| ova | female gamete |
| Phenotype | the appearance and physical expression of genes in an organism. |
| Photosynthesis | the foundation of all ecosystems wherein plants generate their own energy from the energy of the sun |
| Population | a group of members of the same species found in a given environment at a given time |
| power | the rate at which work is done |
| Precipitation | Part of the water cycle that produces hail, mist, rain, sleet, or snow |
| Predation | the consumption of one organism by another |
| Prokaryotic cells | unicellular organisms with a simple cell structure |
| respiration | the bodily system used to transport oxygen to cells and rid the body of waste products like carbon dioxide |
| RNA (ribonucleic acid) | a polymer of nucleotides associated with the control of cellular chemical activities |
| Scientific method | the accepted method for testing scientific hypoteses. |
| Solstice | calendar dates when the days are longest or shortest |
| Solubility | the maximum amount of that substance that can be dissolved in a particular solvent at a particular temperature. |
| Solvent | in a solution, the substance that does the dissolving; what is dissolved is known as the solute. |
| Speciation | the creation of a new species |
| Species | a group of similar organisms that can produce viable offspring. |
| Spermatozoa | male gamete |
| Static friction | the force that must be overcome to set an object in motion. |
| Stratosphere | the layer of the atmosphere located above the troposphere in which most of the atmosphere's ozone is found. |
| Sublimation | the process by which a solid changes directly to the gas phrase |
| Symbiosis | a relationship between organisms in which they share an intimate, often permanent coexistence. |
| Taxonomy | the science of classifying and naming living things. |
| Tectonic plates | the thick slabs of rock that comprise the outer portion of Earth |
| Theory | a tested hypothesis |
| Thermoregulation | the maintenance of a particular temperature of the living body |
| Tide | the alternate rising and falling of the surface of the ocean caused by the gravitational attraction of the Sun and Moon occurring unequally on different parts of the Earth. |
| Tissues | specialized cells with a common function and similar form in multicellular organisms. |
| Troposphere | the layer of the atmosphere located closest to the Earth's surface in which weather occurs |
| Vegetative propagation | asexual reproductive process of many plants, including bulbs and tubers |
| Zygote | the diploid single cell offspring formed from the union of gametes. |
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