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A permanent disability that affects a person before they reach adulthood, and interferes with the person's ability to achieve developmental milestones
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Present at birth
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.Chapter 40
Caring for People Wtih Developmental Disabilities
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A permanent disability that affects a person before they reach adulthood, and interferes with the person's ability to achieve developmental milestones | Developmental disability |
| Present at birth | Congenital |
| Occurring after birth | Acquired |
| Genetic Consumption of alcohol, drugs, or other substances during pregnancy Infections during pregnancy Poor nutrition Conditions that deprive the baby of oxygen | Common causes of congenital developmental disabilities |
| Birth trauma Head injury Near-drowning Poisoning | Common causes of acquired developmental disabilities |
| Allowing children with developmental disabilities to attend public school alongside friends and classmates who have no disabilities | Mainstreaming |
| The ability to reason, think, and understand | Intellectual functioning |
| Skills needed to live and work, such as communication skills, social skills, and self-care skills | Adaptive skills |
| Category of disability where the person is usually able to achieve a third-sixth grade leaning level | Mild intellectual disability |
| Category of disability where the individual has delays in both motor skills, and speech development; usually able to learn self-care skills, communication skills, and safety habits. May achieve a second-grade learning level | Moderate intellectual disability |
| Category of disability where the individual is able to learn some communication and basic self-care skills, such as how to feed themselves | Severe intellecutual disability |
| Category of disability where the person has minimal function in all developmental areas, physical and mental; requires complete assistance with ADLs, and complete supervision | Profound intellectual disability |
| Developmental disability that is the result of a genetic disorder where the individual has one extra chromosome | Down Syndrome |
| Condition related to brain development that affects how a person understands and socializes with other people. Affects males more often than females | Austism Spectrum Disorder |
| Developmental disability caused by damage to the cerebrum, the part of the brain involved with motor control. | Cerebral Palsy |
| Intellectual disability that is caused by a defect in the X chromosome; prevents production of a particular protein needed for cell communication in the brain. More severe in males than females | Fragile X Syndrome |
| Combination of physical and intellectual conditions that affect a child who was exposed to alcohol before birth | Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder |
| Congenital defect of the spinal column; the vertebrae do not close properly during development, leaving the spinal cord exposed | Spina Bifida |
| Condition caused from a build-up of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the ventricles of the brain | Hydrocephalus |
| Sporting event for people with developmental disabilities where they can fulfull their physical, emotional and social needs | Special Olympics |
| Government agency that ensures people with disabilities are treated the same as those without disabilities by guaranteeing people wih disabilities access to public education, employment, and public places | The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 |
| Organization that promotes the rights of people with intellectual disabilities, very similar to how OBRA protects the rights of older people | The Arc of the United States |
| True or False: A person with Down Syndrome has 45 chromosomes | False: A person with Down Sydrome has 47 chomosomes |
| True or False: A person with autism spectrum disorder has extreme difficutly walking | False: A person with autism spectrum disorder has difficulty communicating with and relating to others. A person with cerbral palsy has extreme difficulty walking |
| True or False: Some people with developmental disabilities are able to enter the workforce | True |
| Babies born with this disorder are usually smaller than average and have intellecutal disabilities, behavioral problems, learning difficulties, and differences in the development of facial features | Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder |
| People with this disorder have physical characteristics such as large ears, a long face, flat feet, and soft skin | Fragile X Syndrome |
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NrsToniJ1
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