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Which statement by a patient indicates a need for additional teaching about the “morning-after pill”?
1. “It has to be taken within 72 hours after unprotected sex.”
2. “It works by preventing ovulation, implantation, or fertilization.”
3. “It may cause nausea and vomiting, so I should take an antiemetic.”
4. “It can be used to terminate a first trimester pregnancy.”
1. “It has to be taken within 72 hours after unprotected sex.”
2. “It works by preventing ovulation, implantation, or fertilization.”
3. “It may cause nausea and vomiting, so I should take an antiemetic.”
4. “It can be used to terminate a first trimester pregnancy.”
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Male reproductive disorders are commonly treated by a:
1. specialist.
2. urologist.
3. family practice provider.
4. nurse practitioner.
1. specialist.
2. urologist.
3. family practice provider.
4. nurse practitioner.
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NUR 236
UNIT TEST 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which statement by a patient indicates a need for additional teaching about the “morning-after pill”? 1. “It has to be taken within 72 hours after unprotected sex.” 2. “It works by preventing ovulation, implantation, or fertilization.” 3. “It may cause nausea and vomiting, so I should take an antiemetic.” 4. “It can be used to terminate a first trimester pregnancy.” | 4. “It can be used to terminate a first trimester pregnancy.” |
| Male reproductive disorders are commonly treated by a: 1. specialist. 2. urologist. 3. family practice provider. 4. nurse practitioner. | 2. urologist. |
| When should a female start having routine pelvic exams and Pap smears? 1. As soon as she becomes sexually active or at age 20 2. At age 16, if she has family history of cervical cancer 3. At age 21 4. Whenever she starts her menstrual periods | 3. At age 21 |
| A patient is being discharged home after a vasectomy. What teaching should be given? (Select all that apply.) 1. Contraception will still need to be used until two sperm counts are negative. 2. There may be a decrease in libido or sexual performance post-procedure. 3. Scrotal pain and swelling can be treated with NSAIDs and ice for the first 12–24 hours post-procedure. 4. Some form of scrotal support will help with discomfort. 5. Sexual intercourse may be resumed after 48 hours. | 1. Contraception will still need to be used until two sperm counts are negative. 3. Scrotal pain and swelling can be treated with NSAIDs and ice for the first 12–24 hours post-procedure. 4. Some form of scrotal support will help with discomfort. |
| Which information should be included when collecting sexual health information? (Select all that apply.) 1. Whether sexually active 2. Type of contraception used 3. History of sexually transmitted infections 4. History of urinary tract infections 5. Number of sexual partners | 1. Whether sexually active 2. Type of contraception used 3. History of sexually transmitted infections 5. Number of sexual partners |
| Pelvic relaxation syndrome may lead to: 1. abdominal pain. 2. cervical dysplasia. 3. metrorrhagia. 4. a cystocele. | 4. a cystocele. |
| The nurse is assessing the sexual health of an elderly woman. Which is the most likely physical symptom that an elderly woman would report? 1. Does not feel attractive anymore. 2. Is always too tired for sex. 3. Has no sexual desire. 4. Has decreased vaginal lubrication. | 4. Has decreased vaginal lubrication. |
| Older women who are, or have been, on long-term hormone replacement therapy are at increased risk for: (Select all that apply.) 1. metrorrhagia. 2. breast cancer. 3. oligomenorrhea. 4. endometrial cancer. | 2. breast cancer. 4. endometrial cancer. |
| A primary cause of male impotence is related to changes in which body system? 1. Vascular 2. Respiratory 3. Urinary 4. Neurologic | 1. Vascular |
| Nurse advocacy for the LGBTQIA+ population includes: (Select all that apply.) 1. assuming the patient is heterosexual until told otherwise. 2. ensuring a welcoming and safe environment for all patients. 3. use neutral and inclusive language with all patients. 4. refer patients to other resources rather than address their needs. 5. be aware of biases and communication barriers to care. 6. honor and respect whatever information the patient shares regarding sexual orientation and gender identity. | 2. ensuring a welcoming and safe environment for all patients. 3. use neutral and inclusive language with all patients. 5. be aware of biases and communication barriers to care. 6. honor and respect whatever information the patient shares regarding sexual orientation and gender identity. |
| Female Reproductive System -Primary external structures | Vulva Mons pubis Labia majora-Outer Lips hair follicles are present Labia minora-Inner Lips-No hair follicles Clitoris Urethral meatus Vaginal vestibule-vaginal opening Perineum |
| Female Reproductive System -Primary internal structures | Vagina Uterus Fallopian tubes Ovum Ovaries Bony pelvis Pelvic floor |
| Female Reproductive System -Accessory organs | Mammy glands (breasts) |
| What are the phases of the Ovarian cycle? | Follicular phase-14 days Luteal phase 15-28 days |
| Follicular phase | Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulate the maturation of ova in preparation for fertilization. Estrogen peaks when the ovum is released |
| Luteal phase | LH and progesterone are the primary hormones released in this phase. The blood supply to the uterus increases in preparation for possible implantation of a fertilized ovum. If fertilization and implantation do not occur, the lining of the uterus will degrade and be shed during menstruation, and the cycle begins again. |
| What is Menarche? | beginning of menstruation |
| Female puberty usually begins | occurs between ages 9 and 17 years for girls; the average onset is 12 years of age. |
| Perimenopausal | Entering the phase known as the climacteric period. Menses become irregular in both pattern and flow and eventually stop altogether. |
| When is menopause confirmed? | When the menses has completely ceased for at least 12 months. |
| The nurse taking the gynecologic history of a postmenopausal Mexican American patient can help develop rapport by: (Select all that apply.) 1.establishing direct eye contact. 2.involving family members. 3.touching the patient. 4.using a polite tone of voice. 5.respecting her privacy. | 2.involving family members. 4.using a polite tone of voice. 5.respecting her privacy. |
| What are the 5 P's? | Pain, Pallor, Pulselessness, Parathesis, Paralysis |
| A patient presents to the clinic stating that she is having problems with heavy periods with bleeding between periods, painful bowel movements, and painful sexual intercourse. You expect her to be treated for: 1. an inflammation of the lower genital tract. 2. leiomyoma. 3. endometriosis. 4. menorrhagia. | 3. endometriosis. |
| An intrauterine medication to treat dysmenorrhea is: 1. an intrauterine device. 2. levonorgestrel-releasing system. 3. mefenamic acid. 4. COX-2 inhibitor. | 2. levonorgestrel-releasing system. |
| Breast cancer that is HER2-positive has shown to be responsive to which adjuvant therapy? 1. Medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera) 2. Trastuzumab (Herceptin) 3. Alendronic acid (Fosamax) 4. Ethinyl estradiol (Lybrel) | 2. Trastuzumab (Herceptin) |
| The nurse is assessing a patient for risk factors for breast cancer. The nurse includes questions about: (Select all that apply.) 1. family history of relatives with breast cancer. 2. early menarche, late menopause. 3. late first pregnancy or no children. 4. abnormal cells in previous breast biopsy. 5. history of being less than ideal body weight. | 1. family history of relatives with breast cancer. 2. early menarche, late menopause. 3. late first pregnancy or no children. 4. abnormal cells in previous breast biopsy. |
| Osteoporosis (a decrease in bone mass) puts the postmenopausal woman at increased risk for bone fracture. Lifestyle activities that increase this risk include: (Select all that apply.) 1. inadequate lifetime intake of calcium and vitamin D. 2. taking vitamin C and iron supplements. 3. smoking. 4. sleeping 9–10 hours night. 5. excess alcohol and/or caffeine intake. | 1. inadequate lifetime intake of calcium and vitamin D. 3. smoking. 5. excess alcohol and/or caffeine intake. |
| Pelvic relaxation syndrome may lead to: 1. abdominal pain. 2. cervical dysplasia. 3. metrorrhagia. 4. a cystocele (a condition where the bladder bulges into the vagina). | 4. a cystocele (a condition where the bladder bulges into the vagina). |
| A patient is being treated for menorrhagia. In a follow-up appointment, which testing would be appropriate for evaluating the treatment’s effectiveness? 1. Electrolytes 2. Ultrasound of the ovaries 3. Hemoglobin and hematocrit 4. CT scan of the pelvic organs | 3. Hemoglobin and hematocrit |
| In an elderly woman, vaginal bleeding is a possible sign of: 1. hormone imbalance. 2. cervical or uterine cancer. 3. breast cancer. 4. vaginal-rectal fistula. | 2. cervical or uterine cancer. |
| Measures that may decrease the discomfort of dysmenorrhea include: 1. doing aerobic exercises when the discomfort first starts. 2. avoiding foods such as asparagus and watermelon. 3. using a heating pad and doing pelvic rock exercises. 4. avoiding use of tampons and douching. | 1. doing aerobic exercises when the discomfort first starts. 3. using a heating pad and doing pelvic rock exercises. |
| Motrin, Anaprox, and Advil are examples of drugs used for dysmenorrhea because they inhibit: 1. the transmission of pain along nerve pathways. 2. salt and water retention. 3. smooth muscle spasm in the uterus. 4. production of prostaglandins. | 4. production of prostaglandins. |
| Two measures that have been found to decrease the discomfort of fibrocystic breast changes are: 1. taking vitamin C and getting sufficient exercise. 2. decreasing fat and protein in the diet. 3. controlled weight loss and wearing a support bra. 4. taking vitamin E and decreasing caffeine intake. | 3. controlled weight loss and wearing a support bra. |
| Primary Dysmenorrhea | 6 to 12 months after the menarch Often affects adolescent girls High levels of prostaglandins in the ovulatory cycle, causes uterine contractions and vasoconstriction that result in abdominal cramps Treatment: Heat to abdomen, effleurage(a form of massage involving a circular stroking movement made with the palm of the hand.), pelvic rock, aromatherapy, meditation, balanced low-fat diet, NSAID’s. |
| Secondary Dysmenorrhea | Typically occurs after 25 years of age Caused by pelvic pathology Dull lower abdominal pain that radiates to the back or thighs. Pain may occur before the menstrual period and last throughout the days of menstrual flow. Management involves treating the cause of the pelvic pathology. |
| Which nursing intervention(s) would help relieve symptoms of dysmenorrhea? (Select all that apply.) 1.Pelvic-rock exercises 2.Cold compresses 3.Effleurage 4.Low-fat diet 5.Prostaglandin inhibitors (NSAIDS) | 1.Pelvic-rock exercises 3.Effleurage 4.Low-fat diet 5.Prostaglandin inhibitors(NSAIDS) |
| Primary infertility | Inability to conceive a child after at least 1 year of active, unprotected sexual relations without contraceptive. |
| Secondary infertility | Inability to conceive after having once conceived or to maintain a pregnancy long enough to deliver a viable infant. |
| Leiomyoma | Commonly known as fibroids Benign tumors of the uterine muscle Medical management: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or oral contraceptives Uterine artery embolization Myomectomy Hysterectomy |
| NSAIDS for dysmenorrhea (why) | They inhibit the production of prostaglandins. |
| Toxic Shock Syndrome | Risk factors include the prolonged use of high-absorbency tampons, cervical caps, or diaphragms. Symptoms: Sudden spiking fever, flu-like symptoms, hypotension, generalized rash resembling a sunburn, and peeling skin on the palms or soles Treatment: Hospitalization and intensive care with supportive treatments and intravenous antimicrobials. |
| The patient reports finding multiple smooth, well-delineated cysts in her breasts that are tender during the premenstrual phase. The nurse should provide which instruction(s)? (Select all that apply.) 1. “Eliminate alcohol and caffeine.” 2. “Apply a cold compress.” 3. “Reduce fat in the diet.” 4. “Take nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents.” 5. “Consult a physician immediately.” | 1. “Eliminate alcohol and caffeine.” 3. “Reduce fat in the diet.” 4. “Take nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents.” |
| Risk Factors for Breast Cancer | Family history of relative with breast cancer Early menarche, late menopause Late first pregnancy or no children Abnormal cells in previous breast biopsy Obesity Environmental exposure to hormone-modulating chemicals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Inherited BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene |
| What can happen if a nurse does a BP reading in the arm on the same side of a patient that has a mastectomy and lymph node removal? | This can results in Lymphedema. |
| Patient Teaching for Lymphedema | Do not assess blood pressure in the affected arm. Do not give injections or do venipuncture in the affected arm. Provide meticulous skin care. Teach the patient to wear gloves in the kitchen and when gardening to prevent skin irritation or injury. Teach the patient to avoid heavy lifting. Wear a compression garment during strenuous activities. Elevate and exercise the arm daily. |
| Testicular examination environment | The shower |
| When discussing prostate cancer with a patient who has a strong family history of the disorder and BPH, the nurse tells him that which medication is used to help prevent prostate cancer? 1. Finasteride 2. Doxazosin 3. Terazosin 4. Tamsulosin | 1. Finasteride |
| When considering complementary and alternative therapy for prostate cancer, which is true? 1. Plant extracts should not be taken if the patient is receiving hormone therapy. 2. It is best to train the body to hold urine for an increasingly longer duration. 3. Research has proven that saw palmetto helps relieve symptoms. 4. Surgery is the only way to improve symptoms. | 1. Plant extracts should not be taken if the patient is receiving hormone therapy. |
| A patient has been diagnosed with BPH and is asking if surgery is indicated. Identify which are indications for surgical intervention. (Select all that apply.) 1. Hematuria 2. Incontinence 3. Elevated PSA 4. Urinary tract infections 5. Urinary retention 6. Pain on urination | 1. Hematuria 2. Incontinence 4. Urinary tract infections 5. Urinary retention |
| A patient asks the nurse for information about prostate cancer and how it develops. The nurse answers: 1. “It is a quick-growing cancer, and the nodule is small.” 2. “Prostate cancer is a very slow-growing cancer.” 3. “It is a cancer that is related to sexually transmitted viruses.” 4. “This type of cancer is embryonic and continues to grow slowly after birth.” | 2. “Prostate cancer is a very slow-growing cancer.” |
| After a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), a priority nursing problem in the immediate postoperative period is: 1. Altered activity tolerance due to required bedrest. 2. Pain due to bladder spasms. 3. Potential for bleeding due to surgery. 4. Anxiety due to sexual function after surgery. | 3. Potential for bleeding due to surgery. |
| Which diagnostic test would most likely be performed on an elderly patient who has a PSA result of 7.2? 1. Another blood sample for PSA 2. CT scan of the pelvis 3. Voiding urethrogram 4. Prostate needle biopsy | 4. Prostate needle biopsy |
| Nocturia is a common symptom experienced by males, resulting from: 1. use of condoms for contraception. 2. BPH. 3. a high-fiber diet. 4. taking an antiestrogen agent | 2. BPH |
| Silodosin (Rapaflo) is prescribed, and the nurse explains to the patient that it: 1. lowers testosterone levels. 2. lowers PSA levels. 3. decreases the prostate size by 50%. 4. promotes relaxation of smooth muscle. | 4. promotes relaxation of smooth muscle. |
| The nurse teaches a patient that a potential side effect of tamsulosin (Flomax) is postural hypotension and that he should: 1. take his blood pressure each day. 2. change positions slowly to prevent dizziness. 3. call the office if he starts having headaches. 4. rest for half an hour each afternoon. | 2. change positions slowly to prevent dizziness. |
| Which instruction(s) would be appropriate to teach a patient regarding self-care following a TURP? (Select all that apply.) 1. Drink 3–4 glasses of water during the day. 2. Avoid bladder stimulants such as alcohol and spicy foods. 3. Avoid strenuous exercise for 2–3 weeks after surgery. 4. Keep follow-up appointments. 5. Self-catheterize as needed to prevent urinary retention. | 2. Avoid bladder stimulants such as alcohol and spicy foods. 3. Avoid strenuous exercise for 2–3 weeks after surgery. 4. Keep follow-up appointments. |
| The elderly patient is unable to pass urine. He is diagnosed with BPH and the health care provider has ordered the insertion of a Foley catheter. Which task would be appropriate to assign to the nursing assistant? 1. Insert the Foley catheter using sterile technique. 2. Provide perineal and Foley care after insertion. 3. Observe the meatus for skin breakdown during hygienic care. 4. Evaluate the patient’s response to the Foley insertion. | 2. Provide perineal and Foley care after insertion. |
| Erectile Dysfunction | Impotence: The inability to consistently achieve or maintain an erection that is firm enough for sexual intercourse Treatment: Phosphodiesterase (PDE-5) taken about 1 h before intercourse Complementary and alternative therapies Sexual therapy Penile implants Negative pressure (vacuum constrictive devices) |
| What is the primary intervention for ED? | modifying reversible causes of the problem |
| Premature ejaculation | Occurs when the ejaculation reflex is not controlled and the release of semen occurs before release is desired |
| Retrograde ejaculation | Semen travels toward the bladder rather than exiting the penis |
| Hydrocele | A larger-than-normal amount of fluid accumulating in the space between the testis and tunica vaginalis within the scrotum. Treatment: Aspiration or surgical incision and drainage of the sac. A pressure dressing and a drain are left in place postoperatively. Teach the patient to wear an athletic supporter for several weeks following treatment. |
| Varicocele | Dilation and clumping of the tributary vessels of the spermatic vein. Varicocele typically occurs on the left side of the scrotum from retrograde blood flow from the left renal vein. Nursing measures to help the patient cope with fatigue, weakness, and fever: Fluid intake should be increased to help prevent fluid deficit, reduce fever, increase urinary flow, and remove debris and bacteria. Teach the patient to wear scrotal support after any intervention. |
| Testicular Torsion | Twisting of the testes and spermatic cord Signs include sudden acute scrotal pain and an absence of the cremasteric reflex- a superficial reflex found in males that involves the contraction of the cremaster muscle, resulting in the elevation of the testicle. To prevent testicular ischemia and necrosis, emergency surgery can be performed to secure the testicle within the scrotum, or to remove the testicle if necessary. |
| Epididymitis | Inflammation of the epididymis and may result from an infection of the prostate or urinary tract infection |
| Orchitis | Inflammation of the testicle and may affect one or both testes. May be caused by local or systemic infection (viral or bacterial) or by trauma. |
| Prostatitis | Type I: acute bacterial prostatitis Type II: chronic bacterial prostatitis Type III: nonbacterial prostatitis or chronic pelvic pain syndrome |
| Perineum | Flat muscular surface anterior to the anus |
| Fallopian tubes | Form the pathway for the ovum |
| Epididymis | Tube that conducts sperm from the testes to the vas deferens |
| Spermatic cord | Attaches the testes to the body |
| Uterus | Hollow pear-shaped organ with a thick muscular wall |
| Menarche | Onset of menstruation |
| Seminal vesicles | Produce a fluid that nourishes sperm |
| Prostate gland | Located below and to the rear of the bladder |
| Lactation | Milk production |
| Androgens | Male sex hormones |
| BPH | Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. It is a condition where the prostate gland, located below the bladder in men, enlarges and can press on the urethra, causing urinary problems. |
| PSA | Prostate Specific Antigen: a protein, produced by the prostate, elevated levels of which may indicate the presence of cancer. |
| TSE | Testicular Self-Examination |
| TURP | Transurethral Resection of the Prostate. It is a surgical procedure used to treat an enlarged prostate gland (benign prostatic hyperplasia or BPH). |
Created by:
shondell1971
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