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Pharm Blueprint 1

Pharmacology Blueprint 1 flashcards

QuestionAnswer
Is the study of the uses & effects of drugs Pharmacology
The action of drugs in the body Pharmacokinetics
The effects of drugs on functions of the body Pharmacodynamics
Assigned name for a drug. Not licensed and can used by any manufacturer. Usually not capitalized. Generic Name
Brand name of a drug. Licensed to a certain manufacturer and cannot be used by other manufacturers. Usually capitalized. Trade Names
The time it takes to remove 50% of a drug from the body. Half-Life
The % of medication that is inactivated after it goes through the liver the 1st time. First Pass
Any unintended reactions or consequences that result from a medication: usually mild and may be beneficial or annoying. Side effect
unexpected and undesirable symptoms or problems that arise because of a medication. The more severe reactions often require hospitalization & may cause death. Adverse reaction
Life threatening allergic reaction to medication so severe that the patient has difficulty breathing and may have cardiovascular collapse. Anaphylaxis
Strange, unique, or unexpected responses to a drug Idiosyncratic Responses
When 2 drugs are given together, the effect is greater than the sum of the effects of each drug given alone Synergistic effect
The 4 Basic Drug Processes 1. Absorption 2. Distribution 3. Metabolism 4. Excretion
The 6 Drug Rights 1. T- Time 2. R- Route 3. A- Amount/Dose 4. M- Medication 5. P- Patient 6. D- Documentation
FDA Pregnancy Risk Category in which adequate, well controlled studies in pregnant women have not shown an increased risk of fetal abnormalities. Category A
FDA Pregnancy Risk Category in which animal studies have shown no harm to the fetus.No adequate & well controlled studies in pregnant women or animal studies show an adverse effect but adequate studies in pregnant women have shown no risk to fetus. Category B
FDA Pregnancy Risk Category in which Animal studies show an adverse effect but there is no adequate studies in pregnant women or no animals or pregnant women studies Category C
FDA Pregnancy Risk Category in which adequate studies in pregnant women have demonstrated a risk to fetus. (benefits may outweigh the risk) Category D
FDA Pregnancy Risk Category in which animal & pregnant women have demonstrated evidence of fetal abnormalities (contraindicated in pregnant women) Category X
Health practices that are scientifically untested or lacking in supportive data. Ex: Herbal therapies, aromatherapy, chiropractic, acupuncture, massage, and homeotherapy Alternative Medicine
Alternative (non-traditional) therapies used in addition to standard medical care Complementary Medicine
Compounds made from plant sources used in alternative or complementary medical practice to relieve symptoms. Often prepared as teas, poultices, or wraps. Herbal Medicine
Concerns for Herbal Medicine: They are not tested or regulated. They may interact with other medicine or foods. Plants vary in concentration depending on soil, water, & sun where they are from so concentrations may vary. May contain harmful agents. Considered experimental
1. Decrease thickness of Resp. Secretions. 2. Increase the amount of fluid in Resp. Tract 3.Decrease the amount of coughing Expectorant
1.Affects Alpha receptors in blood vessels in the nasal mucosa, causing vasoconstriction. 2. Reduces blood flow, fluid movement, and nasal edema. 3. Some act on beta2 receptors which cause "rebound vasodilation" Decongestants
Category of drugs identified by federal legislation s having low risk to patients and that may be purchased without a prescription, have a low risk of abuse & safe if directions are followed OTC (over the counter) medications
OTC (over the counter) medicine concerns 1. some may produce adverse effects in some patients 2. may interact with other medications 3. confusion of correct dosages 4.May possibly have hidden chemicals
Likely to produce malformations or damage in the embryo or fetus Teratogenic
Cultural Considerations Ask people about what they believe & really listen. People may have different customs & beliefs that aren't the same as medical care. Other factors include genetics, spiritual/religion, compliance.
Slows down destruction of mast cells prevents Asthma & COPD attacks Cromolyn
1.Most common sympathomimetic bronchodilators 2.Selective for beta2 receptors 3.Fewer side effects than other adrenergic drugs 4. long duration of bronchodilation Proventil
Guidelines for drug cards 1. Brand name/Generic name 2. Page # 3. Drug Classification 4. Safe dose range 5. Indication/purpose 6. Major side effects 7. Nursing considerations/Implications 8. Initials
Created by: Jacksonville VNE
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