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Oxygen Transport -
Oxygen Transport - HCCRT
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Hypoxic Hypoxia | Low PaO2 |
Anemic Hypoxia | Decreased Hb or O2 carrying capacity of Hb. |
Circulatory Hypoxia - Cardiac | Insufficent pulmonary blood flow |
Circulatory Hypoxia - Stagnant | Decrease or absent blood flow to tissue cells. Also, arterial-venous shunting: Blood bypasses tissue cells. |
Polycythemia | Increased amount of RBC's in response to chronic hypoxemia. Resulting blood viscosity increase (thick blood)offsets some beneficial effects by increasing myocardial work. |
Cyanosis | A blueish discoloration of the skin or mucosa caused by hypoxemia. Technical definition > 5 gm% of reduced Hb. |
Digital Clubbing | Chronic Pulmonary Osteoarthropathy - Diagnosis made by dissapearance of normal finger/nailbed angle. |
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) | Measurement of the gases in the arterial blood which is on it's way back from the lungs going to the various body parts & tissues. |
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) | Lower in CO2 and higher in O2. |
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) | Tells how good a job the lungs are doing removing CO2 and providing O2. |
Normal Arterial Blood Gas Value - pH | 7.35 - 7.45 |
Normal Arterial Blood Gas Value - PCO2 | 35-45 mmHg (PaCO2) |
Normal Arterial Blood Gas Value - HCO3 | 22-28 mEq/L |
Normal Arterial Blood Gas Value - PO2 | 80-100 mmHg (PaO2) |
Normal Arterial Blood Gas Value - BE | +/- 2.0 |
Blood Gas Analyzer | Analyzes pH, PCO2, PO2, BE, & SaO2 estimated. |
Co-Oximeter | Analyzes Hb, COHb, MetHb & SaO2 measured. |
Oxygent Content Calculation (CaO2) | (gm%Hgb x 1.34) x SaO2 + (.003 x PaO2) |
O2 may be dissolved in plasma. When carried this way, it exerts a partial pressure and is expressed as: | PaO2 |
What is the more commonly used lab value? | PaO2 |
What lab value is more meaningful and a better assesment of the patients oxygentation status? | SaO2 |
Where do you get the PaO2 value from? | ABG |
Where do you get the SaO2 value from? | Co-Oximetry |
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve | Illustrates the % of hemoglobin that is chemically bound to oxygen at each oxygen pressure. |
Shunt | Cardiac output that reaches left heart without having exchanged gases in the alveoli. |
True/Absolute Shunt - Anatomic | Blood flow from the right to the left heart without perfusing alveoli. |
True/Absolute Shunt - Capillary | Perfusion of unventilated alveoli. |
Shunt-Like Effect | Caused by impaired ventilation and/or perfusion. |
Venous Admixture | End result of pulmonary shunting. |
Oxygen Dissociation Curve | (or Oxygen–Hemoglobin Dissociation Curve) Plots the proportion of hemoglobin in its saturated form on the vertical axis against the prevailing oxygen tension on the horizontal axis. |
CaO2 = | (gm% Hgb x 1.34) x SaO2 + (0.003 x Pa02) |
How is most of our oxygen carried? | Bound to Hemoglobin |
Abnormal Hemoglobin - Deoxygenated/Reduced | Hemoglobin that has reduced or no oxygen |
Abnormal Hemoglobin - Fetal | Fetal & Newborn Hemoglobin |
Abnormal Hemoglobin - Carboxyhemoglobin | Carbon Monoxide & Hemoglobin |
Abnormal Hemoglobin - Methemoglobin | Met Molecule & Hemoglobin |
Bohr Effect | States that an increasing concentration of protons and/or carbon dioxide will reduce the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin. |
A-aDO2 | {(PB - PHO2) x FiO2} - PaCO2 x 1.25 |