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Urinary function A&P

pn 141 test 2 book: burke 746

QuestionAnswer
what are the structures of the urinary system paired kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
what does this system excrete metabollic waste
what does it helps regulate acid-base and and BP
kidneys: where are they located behind the peritoneum on either side of the spine, partially protected by the rib cage
kidneys: what is the hilum a notch located on the inner surface of each
kidneys: what enters and exits the hilum ureter, renal artery renal vein, lymphatic vessels and nerves enter and exit
kidneys: what is the renal fascia a dense connective tissue that protects and anchors the kidneys
kidneys: what are the three regions of the kidney cortex, medulla, pelvis
kidneys: what is the outer region of the kidney the renal cortex
kidneys: what does the renal cortex contain glomeruli
kidneys: what are glomeruli small clusters of capillaries, they are part of the nephrons
kidneys: what is the functional unit of the kidneys nehprons
kidneys: each kidney contains how many nephrons 1 million
kidneys: what do nephrons do they process blood to make urine
kidneys: what is the inner most portion of the kidney renal medulla
kidneys: what happens in the renal medulla the nehprons form renal pyramids
kidneys: what do the renal pyramids do they channel urine into branches of the innermost region
kidneys: what is the inner most region of the kidney the renal pelvis
kidneys: what are calyces they are branches of the innermost region (renal pelvis)
ureters: what are they they are bilateral tubes about 10-12 inches long, `
ureters: what do they do they move urine from the kidney to the bladder by peristaltic waves
ureters: what kind of muscle do they have smooth muscle
urinary bladder: what is it a hallow muscular organ that lies beside the symphysis pubis
urinary bladder: where on the bladder do the ureters enter at its base
urinary bladder: what is the base known as trigone
urinary bladder: what does bladder muscle do prevents a backflow of urine from the bladder into the ureters
urinary bladder: what is the bladder lined with epithelial mucosa
urinary bladder: what allows the bladder to expand and contract the muscles are arranged in layers that allow the bladder to expand and contract
urinary bladder: when do healthy adults feel the urge to void when the bladder contains 300-500 mL of urine
urinary bladder: how much can the bladder hold twice the amount of urge to void
urinary bladder: what does the internal shinter do in response to a full bladder it relaxes, signalling the urge to urinate
urinary bladder: what sphinter is under voluntary control the external sphinter
urethra: what is it a thin-walled muscular tube that channels urine out of the body.
urethra: what encircles the urethra at the base of the bladder in males the prostate
urine formation: how much filtrate does the kidneys transfer each day 180 liter (47 gallons)
urine formation: how is urine formed by glomular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion
urine formation: glomerular filtration- what is it a passive process in which fluid and solute move from the blood in the glomerulus into bowman's capsule.
urine formation: glomerular filtration- what is the glomerular filtration rate the amount of fluid filtered from the blood into the capsule per minute
urine formation: glomerular filtration- what is normal GFR 120-125 mL/min
urine formation: glomerular filtration- what are they two primary factors that control GFR BP and volume
urine formation: glomerular filtration- what makes GFR fall a drop in BP and urine output
urine formation: glomerular filtration- what system effects it SNS
urine formation: Tubular reabsorption: how does it begin as the filtrate enters the proximal tubules
urine formation: Tubular reabsorption: what nutrients are reabsorbed organic
urine formation: Tubular reabsorption: what is continually regulated and adjusted to maintain homeostasis water and electrolyte balance
urine formation: Tubular secretions: what happens in this process excess potassium and waste products (creatinine, ammonia) are eliminated from the body (regulated acid base balance)
urine formation: urine concentration: where is urine concentrated in the loop of henle
urine formation: urine concentration: what determines the final dilution or concentration of urine; and where ADH; in the distal tubule
urine formation: urine concentration: what happens when aDH is secreted water is reabsorbed in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct and urine is more concentrated
urine formation: urine concentration: what happens when ADH is not secreted water cannot be reabsorbed and the urine is more diluted
endocrine function on the kidneys: what two enzymes activate Vit D renin and erythropoietin
endocrine function on the kidneys: where is the enzyme renin produced by the juxtaglomerular apparatus
endocrine function on the kidneys: what does renin do it converts the plasma protein angiotensinogen to angiotensin 1
endocrine function on the kidneys: where is angiotensin 1 canverted to angiotensin 2 in the lungs
endocrine function on the kidneys: what is a potent vasocontricture the convertions of angiotensin 1 to 2
endocrine function on the kidneys: what is the net effect of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system to raise BP and blood volume
endocrine function on the kidneys: erythropoietin in where; why the kidneys; as a response to hypoxia of renal cells
endocrine function on the kidneys: erythropoietin -what does it do stimulates the bone marrow to produce RBCs
endocrine function on the kidneys: why is Vit D important for calcium regulation in the body
endocrine function on the kidneys: how is it activated; what does not activate it in a two step process by the liver and then the kidneys; when it enters the body either through the diet or by exposure to ultraviolet light
age related changes: a decrease in GFR does what decreased excretion of drugs primarily eliminated by the kidneys; increased risk for drug toxicity
age related changes: decreased number of nephrons does what decreases the ability to conserve water and sodium, increased risk of fluid, electrolyte and acid-base imbalances
age related changes: decreased number of functional nephrons does what increased risk of kidney failrue
Created by: jmkettel
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