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Pharm
Test 1 LP 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Drugs that are available to consumers without a prescription | Over the Counter |
| The 1906 law that was the first federal law that attempted to protect the public from dangerous, adulterated, and mislabeled products | Federal Food and Drug Act |
| The law that established the legal term “narcotic | Harrison Act of 1914 |
| Differentiated between prescription drugs and over-the-counter medications | Durham-Humphrey Amendment |
| The law that requires drugs to be proved both safe and effective before being granted approval for use | Kefauver-Harris Amendment of 1962 |
| This law prohibited the labeling of medicines with false therapeutic claims intended to defraud the purchaser. | Sherley Amendment of 1912 |
| An inactive or inert substance that may be used in experimental studies | Placebo |
| A special category of drugs that has been identified to help patients with rare diseases | Orphan drugs |
| A drug not approved for marketing by the FDA but available for use in studies to determine its safety and efficacy | Investigational New Drug |
| Another name for prescription drug | Legend Drugs |
| The main piece of drug legislation in Canada | Canadian Food and Drugs Act |
| The doing or active promotion of good | Beneficence |
| The duty to do no harm to a patient | Nonmaleficence |
| Variation in response to a drug because of a patient’s age, gender, size, and body composition | drug polymorphism |
| The nurse owes the same duties to self as to others. What does this include? (4) | To preserve integrity and safety, to maintain competence, and to continue personal and professional growth. |
| What legal entity gives RN or LPN permission to administer medications? | The State |
| A substantial departure from the standard of care ordinarily exercised by a competent licensee | Negligence |
| An act or omission demonstrating a failure to maintain competency in practice | Negligence |
| Any practice or behavior which violates the minimum standards of the profession necessary for the protection of the health, safety, welfare or a patient or the public | Malpractice |
| U.S. Pharmacopoeia and National Formulary (USP and NF) determined to be official legal standards for U.S. drugs according to what act | Pure Food and Drug act 1906 |
| Act that prohibits false advertising | Sherley amendment 1912 |
| Act Drugs required to be safe before interstate distribution allowed | Federal Food, Drug, Cosmetic Act 1938 |
| Legislation - Legend drugs (CAUTION-FEDERAL LAW PROHIBITS DISPENSING WITHOUT A PRESCRIPTION) vs. Over the counter drugs (OTC): sold without prescription | Durham Humphrey 1952 |
| Amendment - Drugs must be effective as well as safe | Kefauver Harris Amendment 1962 |
| Act - “Scheduled” Drugs, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) is regulatory agency, Prescribers must have DEA numbers | Controlled substances 1970 |
| What schedule? Give example. High abuse potential, no accepted medical | Schedule I, Heroine, “illicit drugs |
| What schedule? Give example. High abuse potential with accepted medical use | Schedule II, Morphine, Cocaine, Ritalin, Adderall. |
| What schedule? Give example. Accepted medical use, lower abuse potential | Schedule III, Tylenol with codeine, hydrocodone |
| What schedule? Give example. Abuse potential lower yet; limited potential for dependence | Schedule IV, Valium |
| What schedule? Give example. limited quantity of narcotic; lowest abuse potential | Schedule V, Robitussin AC |
| What are the four nursing responsibilities in administering scheduled drugs? | Maintain secure storage, verify order for controlled substances, maintain accurate records, maintain accurate inventory |
| ____ to ____ renewal of medical orders for controlled substances | 48-72 |
| What three records about controlled substances does the nurse need to maintain? | Agency narcotic sheet, patient record ( MAR), partial/wasted dose |
| All new drugs must pass rigorous scrutiny of the ____ | FDA |
| Normal human volunteers to determine if toxic is a Phase ___ study | I |
| More normals, and a few subjects with targeted illness is a Phase ___ study | II |
| Broad clinical trials to evaluate usefulness is a Phase ___ study | III |
| Phase in which a drug goes to market | III |
| Phase in which post-marketing surveillance for detection of problems | IV |
| What are the five RN responsibilities with investigational drug protocols with what must be followed precisely? | How to give, how to eval, informed consent, know details of what you are doing, know laws/rules of state & employer |
| What two things does informed consent consist of? | Full knowledge of risks and benefits, right to withdraw at any time |
| An FDA Medical Products Reporting Program | MedWatch use 3500 form |
| Operated by the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP), is a confidential national voluntary reporting program that provides expert analysis of the system causes of medication errors and disseminates recommendations for prevention | USP Medication Errors Reporting Program |
| A national, Internet-accessible database that hospitals and health care systems use to track and trend adverse drug reactions and medication errors. Hospitals and health care systems participate voluntarily and subscribe to it | MedMARx |
| What are the seven components of a med order? | Patient name, date/time written, name of med, dose, route, frequency, signature of prescriber |
| What are five ways to prevent medication errors? | Minimize use of abbreviations, refer JCAHO “do not call” list, verify all new medication orders, question/clarify unclear medication orders, read back any verbal orders received |
| What are the five rights? | Patient, Drug, Route, Time, Dose |
| If scheduled medications are off schedule, what should you do? | Check with pharmacist on how to proceed |
| What three times should you do medication reconciliation? | Upon admission, transfer or discharge |
| A nurse who acts within a code of ethics and standards of practice is demonstrating | Integrity |
| A nurse who values the patients welfare and wellbeing is demonstrating | Altruism |
| The right to self-determination, patient’s right to make decisions and the right to refuse | Autonomy |
| Should you ever force a medication on a client? | No, it is unethical and illegal |
| Does a patient have a right to full information on the drug being given to them? | Yes |
| Upholding moral, legal and humanistic principles | Social justice |
| Giving all clients the same standard of care | Nondiscrimination |
| Does the nurse have the right to refuse to participate in a patient’s treatment? | May withdraw if situation violates one’s ethical principles, BUT. . . . .May not desert the patient/client |
| For what age group do physiologic differences especially alter pharmacokinetics? | Neonate |
| How are doses calculated for children | Based on age and weight |
| For children , what route is best | Oral |
| The site for IM injections is based on __ and ____. | Age, size |
| What age group has an increased risk of adverse effects secondary to physiologic changes? | Older adult |
| For the older adult, an accurate assessment of symptoms is needed to determine _______ vs. ________ | Medications, aging process |
| All drugs should be assessed including what four things? | Prescribed, OTC, herbal, supplements |
| With an older adult, start doses at ___level and _______ if needed. | Lowest, titrate up |
| What are some general things to consider when working with older adults? (5) | Safety, compliance, vision, dexterity, finances |
| What are some general things to consider when considering culture and socioeconomics of patient? (8) | Communications, language, ability to read, health beliefs and practice, cause of problem, acceptable methods of treatment, attitude toward drug regime, understanding who makes health care decisions |
| What can cause different ethics groups to have variation in response to medication? | Due to variation in enzymes |
Created by:
anastasia158
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