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Mental Test 3
important abnormals
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a cognitive disorder that is characterized by sudden onset and is usually reversible | Delirium |
| Restless "picking" is associated with which cognitive disorder? | delirium |
| what are the two most important lab values to check for a person experiencing delirium? | WBC to check for infection and electroyltes |
| What cognitive disorder is characterized by being gradual, progressive, and permanent? | Dementia |
| progressive dementia related to thiamine or b1 deficiency, usually caused by long-term alcohol abuse? | Korsakoff's syndrome |
| Which stage of Alzheimer's disease is characterized by confabulation, aphasia, agnosia, frequently repeating oneself, and regularly misplacing items? | Mild alzheimer's |
| Which stage of alzheimer's is characterized by a decrease ability to perform ADL's, accidents due to visual perception difficulties, and sundowing? | Moderate alzheimer's |
| Which stage of alzheimer's is associated with complete incontinence and almost complete memory loss? | severe alzheimer's |
| What is the drug of choice for treating mild to moderate alzheimer's? | Aricept |
| Intensve cravings are associated with withdrawal from which drugs? | Opiods |
| Rule of 100 is how you diagnose what? | alcohol withdrawal |
| marijuana and alcohol are considered what? | gateway drugs |
| Ativan, a benzodiazepine, is used in which drug withdrawals? | alcohol and opiods |
| Catapress is used for opiod withdrawal to treat which symtpom? | cravings |
| Hallucingoens cause what when withdrawing? | flashbacks lasting for months or years |
| Sedative, hypnotic, anxiolytic | valium, ativan, Xanax |
| stimlants | amphetamines and cocaine |
| which drug causes decrease in intraoccular pressure and stays in the system for 5 weeks? | marijuana or cannabis |
| which drug withdrawal is characterized by rhinorrhea? | opiod |
| intoxication of opiods cause what? | constricted pupils |
| which drug is used to help people maintain sobriety? | Antabuse |
| what is a key factor of taking antabuse? | no alcohol including mouthwash and cough syrups for 48 hours prior to taking med. |
| What electrolyte is depleted with vomitting? | potassium |
| If patients who purge use Ipecac to do so, what would it cause and what would you assess? | could cause CHF and you would assess for wet breath sounds |
| what is the primary goal of the nurse when assessing someone with anxiety? | determining the level of anxiety |
| how long does a panic state or panic attack last? | peaks within 10 minutes and last for 30 minutes. |
| how long is alcohol withdrawal? | peaks in 2 days and last for 5 days |
| what is the most effective tool for determining if an intervention for a patient with anxiety was successful? | observe the patient's behavior change and ask them to rate their anxiety on a scale of 1-10 |
| characterized by excessive worry more of the day than not for more days than not for at least 6 months | generalized anxiety disorder |
| what is the best method for treating phobias? | desensitization |
| people with recurrent panic attacks that causes them to change their behavior in response to the attack for at least one month? | panic disorder |
| What characterizes OCD? | recurrent obsessions/compulsions that take more than one hour per day or causes significant impairment or distress |
| when is the best time for interactions and teaching for a person with OCD? | right after a ritual |
| which drug is a long term treatment for anxiety? | SSRIs/Prozac |
| which drug is used for it's immediate effect for treatment of anxiety disorders? | Benzodiazpines/Xanax |
| Which drug is not first line treatment for a patient with anxiety that is also experiencing suicidal ideations? | Tricyclic agents/Elavil |
| which drug is used for palpitations and shortness of breath associated with anxiety? | Inderal |
| Odd or eccentric personalities | Cluster A |
| dramantic or emotional personalities | cluster B |
| fearful and anxious personalities | cluster C |
| indifferent to social relationships, few pleasures, rich and extensive familiy life | schizoid personality disorder |
| social anxiety, extreme discomfort and intolerance for close relationships, ideas of reference or delusions of reference | schizotypal |
| confidence schemes, no remorse, abusive, behavior problems, and manipulative | antisocial personality disorder |
| suspicious, defense mechanisms of projection, few friends | paranoid |
| what is the most important intervention for someone with antisocial personality disorder? | setting limits on manipulative behavior |
| splitting and chronic dysphoria is associated with which disorder? | borderline personality disorder |
| what is the key intervention for a patient with borderline personality disorder? | safety due to suicide precautions |
| what is the best therapy for borderline pd? | decatastrophizing |
| exaggerates relationships and is overreactive and loud, seductive, flirty, and immature, speech and conversation is superficial | historonic personality disorder |
| entitlement, exaggeration of accomplishments, self-centered, inability to empathize, and take advantage of others | narcissistic personality disorder |
| longs for relationships, preoccupied with own shortcomings, and usually have social phobia | avoidant personality disorder |
| excessive need to be taken care of, clinging behavior and fear of seperation, any relationship is better than none | dependent personality disorder |
| preoccupation with efficiency and productivity, hoard worthless objects, can'tn handle negative feedback | obsessive compulsive personality disorder |
| most difficulties with personality disorders occur at what age? | usually persist througout young and middle adulthood, but tend to diminish in 40s and 50s |
| what are the two most common personality disorders? | antisocial and borderline |
| hypervigilence is associated with which somatoform disorder? | hypochondriasis |
| severe preoccupation wtih an imagined deficit in apperance is associated with which somatoform disorder? | body dysmorphic disorder |
| la belle indifference is associated with what disorder? | conversion disorder |
| have many complaints in many body systems over a long period of time | somatization disorder |
| intentional production of false or exaggerated symptoms | malingering |
| may hurt self or others to be seen as a hero or gain attention | muchaussen's syndrome |
| blocking of psychological conflicts from conscious awareness | primary gains |
| receiving attention from others and being released from responsibility | secondary gains |
| people with these disorders will not talk about their feelings, but focus on their symptoms | somatoform disorders |
| how do you handle a patient with somatoform disorder who will only talk about symptoms? | withdraw your attention and explain why |
| what is the most important thing about somatoform disorders? | don't dismiss future complaints |
| disorder in which there are two or more distinct personalities | Dissociative identity disorder (DID) or multiple personality disorder |
| forgetting too much personal information to be forgetfulness | dissociative or psychogenic amnesia |
| leaving home/work for a period of time and forgeting your identity? | dissociative and psychogenic fugue |
| loss of reality and the ability to feel and express emotion | depersonalization |
| what is the difference between downs and Fetal alcohol syndrome? | smooth philtrum |
| detox protocol is determined by who? | american society of addictive medicine and center for substance abuse treatment |
| methaphetamines cause what? | psychosis |
| chest pain is common of what drug intoxication? | stimulants (cocaine or amphetamine) |
| persistent dementia is associated with what drug abuse? | inhalants |
| what are signs and symptoms of relapse? | loneliness, thoughts about using |
| most significant sign of an impaired nurse? | very elaborate excuses for missing work |
| what trait of an elder person makes them most inclined to be abused? | social isolation |
| force-feeding, physical punishment such as making them stay in bed, physical restraints are associated with..? | physical abuse |
| most common sign of physical abuse? | caregiver's refusal to allow a visitor to be alone with an elder |
| elder person who is emotionally upset or agitated, withdrawn, non-communicative or unresponsive, unusual behavior usually attributed to dementia (Sucking, biting, rocking) | emotional or psychological abuse |
| desertion of an elderly person by an individual who has assumed responsibility for providing care | abandonment |
| sudden changes in bank account, inclusional of additional names on elder's account, unpaid bills despite adequate funds, provision of services not necessary | signs of financial elderly abuse |
| most common sign of abuse in an elderly person? | many wounds in different stages of healing |
| dehydration, infection, electrolyte imbalance, head trauma, substance intoxication/withdrawal | causes of delirium |
| Which personality disorders are associated with Cluster A? | Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal |
| Which personality disorders are associated wtih Cluster B? | Historonic, Narcissistic, Antisocial, Borderline |
| Which personality disorders are associated with Cluster C? | Avoidant, Dependent, Obsessive-Compulisve Personality Disorder |
| What are the most important nursing interventions for people with eating disorders? | carefully monitor food and fluid intake and encourage family therapy (usually long-term) |
| psychiatric disorder involving a voluntary refusal to eat and maintain minimal weight for height and age | anorexia nervosa |
| hair loss/dry skin, irregular heart beat, decreased pulse and BP, amenorrhea for at least 3 months | Anorexia nervosa |
| an eating disorder characterized by eating excessive amounts of food followed by self-induced vomiting | bulimia nervosa |
| What are common assessments for someone with bulimia? | not usually underweight, may have diarrhea, constipation, or abdominal bloating, dental damage due to excessive vomiting, sore throat and or esophageal inflammation, financial strain related to food budget |
Created by:
SouthernBelle
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