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NSG Chapter 26 Vocab

QuestionAnswer
Anion negatively charged ions
Cation positively charged ions
Electrolyte any compound that, when dissolved in H2O, separates into electrically charged particles, which are called ions
Colloid macromolecules that are too large to pass through a cell membrane & do not readily dissolve into a solution, such as proteins
Colloid Osmotic Pressure osmotic pressure exerted by large molecules, such as protein
Diffusion a passive process by which molecules move through a cell membrane from an area of HIGHER concentration to an area of LOWER concentration without energy
Filtration the passage of H2O & certain smaller particles through a semi-permeable membrane assisted by hydrostatic or capillary pressure
Hydrostatic Pressure pressure exerted by the fluid within a compartment that results from the weight of the fluid.
Hypertonic having an osmotic pressure GREATER than that of the solution to which it is being compared.
Isotonic having an osmotic pressure EQUAL to that of the solution to which it is being compared
Hypotonic having an osmotic pressure LESS than that of plasma (more H2O, less solute).
Metabolic Acidosis a pathological condition caused by an increase in non-carbonic acids, a decrease in bicarbonate in the extracellular fluid, or both
Metabolic Alkalosis a pathological condition caused by an increase in bicarbonate, a decrease in acid in the extracellular fluid, or both
Osmolality the number of milliosmoles per kilogram of water.
Osmolarity the number of milliosmoles per liter of solution
Third Spacing the movement of fluid into an area that makes it physiologically unavailable
Respiratory Acidosis a state of having a pH of the blood that is LESS than normal (below 7.35) from respiratory causes; a result of the retention of CO2 , which is an acid, & a resultant decrease in pH.
Respiratory Alkalosis a state of having a pH of the blood that is GREATER than normal (above 7.45) from respiratory causes; a result of rapid or excess elimination of CO2, resulting in an increase in pH with a decrease in the partial pressure of CO2, (PaCO2).
Polyuria a large amount of urine, usually associated with diabetes mellitus or diabetes insipidus
Oliguria a diminished, scanty amount of urine
Anuria the absence of urine
Ascites the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
Millequivalent one thousandth of a chemical equivalent; the measurement used to express the chemical activity or combining power of an ion
Anasarca severe generalized edema
Pleural Effusion fluid in the thoracic cavity between the visceral & parietal pleura
Pericardial Effusion fluid in the pericardial cavity, between the visceral & parietal pericardium
Created by: ehoskins
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