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Anxiety

PN 141 final

QuestionAnswer
what are the three types mild, moderate, severe/ panic
mild: charecteristics of it useful, mativational, focus on tasks
mod: charecteristics of it often considered the optimal level for learning to take place, physical s/s are present but not troubling to the individual
severe/ panic: charecteristics of it inability to think clearly or solve problems, misperception of surrounding events (they jump off buildings, running, or striking out), freezing up
PTSD: what is it cluster of s/s experienced following a distressing event (rape, murder, fire, war, car accident, shooting at school)
PTSD: s/s intense fear, helplessness, horror, experiencing the event over and over, sleeplessness, startle effect
anxiety is a normal response to what stress
what is anxiety a feeling of uneasiness and ativation of the ANS in response to vague, nonspecific threat
when is it a disorder when anxiety becomes overwhelming, when it impairs the person's ability to function at home, school, or work, and affects relationships with other ppl
where in the brain does anxiety appear to origonate the limbic system
during anxiety there is an increase in blood flow where in the brain limbic system, and cerebral cortex
experience can teach pple different ways how to handle ______________- stress
if a person focuses her or his thoughts on stressful events, will they be more or less anxious more
does intelligence put ppl at a higher risk for anxiety yes
what is the feeling of dysphoria uncomfortable and distressed
usually a persons feeling when fearful is ___ ___ _______ with real danger out of proportion
s/s of the sympathetic stimulation increased HR, increased BP, dilated pupils, cool skin, piloerection, decreased GI motility
what is piloerection hair standing on end
anxiety and fear cause the same phsyiological response of the stimulation ______ system the sympathetic
what are the four levels of anxiety mild, moderate, severe, panic
mild; subjective effects perceptual fields widens slightly. increased ability to see realtionships among data
mild: observable behavior alert, more perceptive, able to recognize anxiety, promotes motivation and growth
moderate: subjective effects perceptual field narrows slightly, concetrates on immediate focus, ignoring peripheral stimuli, can change attention if directed, good for learning
moderate: observable behavior able to sustain attention on a focal point. inattentive to stimuli outside this focus. may talk faster. VS begin to increase (except temp). able to recognize and express anxiety
severe: subjective effects perceptual field is greatly reduced, doen't notice external events. unable to redirect focus even with outside direction
severe:observable behavior attention is focused on a small part of a specific area. assumption made may be erroneous due to incomplete perception. may be unaware of anxiety. VS increasing. coping/relief measures used, misperception of surronding events
panic: subjective effects percetion is reduced to a detail. perception is disorted. May jum p from one detail to another as in flight of ideas. Experienced as a threat to survival. affected person feals dread and terror
panic: observable behavior feelins of unreality, confusion, terror, self- abosrobtion, may be expressed with violence to self or others. loss of control. may include pacing or running. automatic coping/releif behaviors used. can result in auxaustion
a panic attack is charecterized by what an episode of intense fear or discomfort
s/s of a panic attack sweating, pounding ht, trembling/shaking, SOB, feeling of choking, chest pain, N, abd. distress, feeling dizzy, unsteady, derealization, going crazy, fear of dying, paresthesias, chills
mood neurotransmitters: serotonin: what happens to sleep when it is too high they are sleepy
mood neurotransmitters: serotonin: what happens to sleep when it is too low they have insomnia
mood neurotransmitters: serotonin: what is it associated with sleep cycle, depression, carb cravings, PMS, mood balance
mood neurotransmitters: serotonin: what happens to mood balance when it is too low depression
mood neurotransmitters: serotonin: what happens to mood balance when it is too high anxiety
mood neurotransmitters: dopamine: what is it associated with focus, attention, memory, motivation drive, mood addictive disorders
mood neurotransmitters: norepinephrine and epinephrine : what is it associated with energy, drive, anxiety, focus, metabolism, mood
mood neurotransmitters: GABA: what is it associated with inhibitory neurotransmitter that is often refferred to as "nature's valium" helps us clam down and relax
what type of anxiety (mild, mod or severe) is the most optimal one for learning moderate
PTSD: when was it first recognized in war vets after vietnam
PTSD: what is it a cluster of s/s following a traumatic event (rape, murder, fire, war, car accident, shooting at school) it is debilitating following extreme traumatic stressers
PTSD: what is th person's response to the event (s/s of PTSD) intense fear, helplessness, or horror, persistent reexpierience of the event, avoidence of stimuli associated with the trauma, numbing of general responsivemness, startle response, increased arousal
PTSD: what happens to a person when they are in a situation that reminds them of the traumatic event they feel distressed (so they avoid those situations)
PTSD: ppl normal develop it within ________ months of the traumatic event 3 months
PTSD: what are risk factors severity of traumatic event, duration of trauma, proximity of individuals exposure
coping with anxiety: pple do what to adapt to stress they use coping behaviors
coping with anxiety: coping can be eathier ______ or ________ adaptive (healthy/ positive resolution) or maladaptive (unhealthy)
meds: instead of using meds ppl are better off how if they can develop the tools to solve their own problems with out using drugs to solve them (especially for ppl with low level anxiety/ poor coping skills)
what is the best approach to anxiety tx to promote adaptive coping skills
meds: what are the three classes of anxiolytics benzodiasepines, nonbenzodiasepines, SSRIs
meds: benzodiasepines- action CNS depressants, they potentiate the effect of GABA (it is an inhibitory neurotransmitter- GABA makes the neuron less responsive to excitatory neurotransmitters)
meds: benzodiasepines- names Alprazolam (xanax), chlordiazepoxide (librium), diazepam (valium), lorazepam (ativan)
meds: -benzodiasepines- what two can be given iv for quick action valium and ativan
meds: nonbenzodiasepines- action it differs from benzodiasepines b/c it binds to different brain sites in the body (idffeerent than the GABA effect, but works in the same way)
meds: nonbenzodiasepines names Buspirone hydrochloride (Buspar)
meds: SSRIs- what does it stand for; action selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; it selectively blocks and balances the levels of serotonin to achieve mood stabilization
meds: SSRIs- is it given in high or low dosing for anxiety HIGH**
meds: SSRIs: names fluoxetine (prozac), sertraline (zoloft), paroxetine (paxil), fluvoxamine (luvox), citalopram (celexa), excitalopram (lexapro)
meds: common side effects of anxiolytics: mild drowsiness, sedation, depression, lethargy, confusion, * hypotension*,
meds: nonbenzodiasepines: buspar - what is a common side effect dry mouth
meds: after how long can anxiolytics become addictive within 4-6 weeks
meds: guidlines for stopping med; what happens if med is stopped abruptly never stop abruptly, taper off in 4-8 weeks under MD guidance; pt goes through withdrawal and back into anxiety
meds: how long does anxiolytics have to be taken before therapeutic effects can be seen 1-4 weeks
meds: what are some drug to drug interactions ETOH, analgesics, antidepressants, antipsychotics, digoxin
meds: why shouldn't meds be mixed with ETOH can increase CNS depression
meds: why shouldn't meds be mixed with digoxin it can increase risk for dig toxicity
meds: why is pt at risk for hypotension b/c meds (especially benzos) can cause hypotension and increase risk for falls
meds: benzodiasepines- s/s of withdrawal increased anxiety, concentration difficulty, tremor, sensory disturances,
meds: buspar-does it cause dependance, withdrawal, or interact to ETOH etc no
meds: benzodiasepines- what is doing for older adults; smallest dose, slowly increase dose to reach therapeutic effect; med is excreted more slowly causing prolonged drug effect and can increase adverse reactions or toxicity
meds: what should therapeutic response be to anyanxiolytic less anxiety
why is pt at risk for self harm b/c they may injure self when anxious
Created by: jmkettel
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