click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Rush Medsurg #2
Rush Med-Surg Exam 2
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What are the 3 types of diabetes tests? | Fasting blood glucose (FBG), Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and random glucose test. |
How is diabetes Dxed when using FBG test? | Plasma glucose > 126. |
How is diabetes Dx'd when using OGTT test? | > 200 mg, with glucose load of 75. |
How is diabetes Dx's when using the random test? | Plasma glucose > 200 AND symptoms of diabetes. |
Is it okay to Dx diabetes after one test? | No--dx must be confirmed on a subsequent day by one of the 3 methods. |
What is IGT? | Impaired glucose tolerance. An intermediate stage between normal and diabetes. |
What is IFG? | Impaired fasting glucose. An intermediate stage between normal and diabetes. |
What is the FBG range for IFG? | > 110, < 126 |
What is the FBG range for IGT? | OGTT between 140 and 200. |
What is the ideal A1C goal for diabetics? | 7% or less. |
What is the name of rapid acting insulins? | Lispro (Humalog), Aspart (Novolog) |
What is the onset of rapid insulin? | 15 minutes. |
What is the peak of rapid insulin? | 60-90 minutes |
What is duration of rapid insulin? | 3-4 hours |
What is onset of regular insulin? | Half to 1 hour |
What is peak of regular insulin | 2-3 hours |
What is duration of regular insulin? | 4-6 hours |
What is onset of intermediate insulin? | 2 hours |
What is peak of intermediate insulin? | 6-8 hours |
What is duration of intermediate insulin? | 12-16 hours |
What is onset of long-acting (ultralente) insulin? | 2 hours |
What is the duration of long-acting insulin? | 24 + hours |
What is the peak of long-acting insulin? | 16-20 hours |
What is the onset of Lantus (insulin glargine)? | 1-2 hours |
What is the peak of Lantus (insulin glargine)? | No peak |
What is the duration of Lantus (insulin glargine)? | 24 + hours |
What is the Somogyi effect? | Hyperglycemia is apparent in the am, so pt may increase the insulin. However, it is caused by hypoglycemia at night, and lipolysis, gluconeogenesis cause rebound hyperglycemia and ketosis |
What is the dawn phenomenon? | Hyperglycemia in the am due to release of GH or cortisol released in early am. |
What is treatment for Somogyi effect? | Less insulin. |
What is treatment for dawn effect? | More insulin. |
What is a normal FBG? | < 110 |
What is a normal OGTT? | < 140 |
WHat is diabetic FBG? | > 126 |
What is diabetic OGTT? | > 200 |
What is prediabetic FBG? | > 110, < 126 |
What is prediabetic OGTT? | >140, < 200 |
What tissues need insulin in order to absorb glucose? | Skeletal muscle, adipose |