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Nobel Prize by Year
Nobel Prize winners in Literature by year
| Year | Winner(s) | Nationality | Works |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2002 | Imre Kertesz | Hungarian | Fateless, Fiasco, Kaddish for a Child Not Born |
| 2001 | Sir Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul | British | The Mystic Masseur, A House for Mr. Biswas, The Enigma of Arrival |
| 2000 | Gao Xingjian | Chinese | A Pigeon Called Red Beak, Signal Alarm, Bus Stop |
| 1999 | Gunter Grass | German | The Tin Drum, Cat and Mouse, Show Your Tongue |
| 1998 | Jose Saramago | Portuguese | Objecto Quase, Levantado do Chao, A Jangada de Pedra |
| 1997 | Dario Fo | Italian | Il Dito Dell'Occhio, The Virtuous Burglars, I Sani de Legare |
| 1996 | Wislawa Szymborska | Polish | Dlatego zyjemy (1952), Pytania zadawane sobie (1954), Wolanie do Yeti (1957), Sól (1962), Wiersze wybrane (1964), Poezje wybrane (1967), Sto pociech (1967), Poezje (1970) |
| 1995 | Seamus Heaney | Irish | Seeing Things, Death of a Naturalist, Wintering Out |
| 1994 | Kenzaburo Oe | Japanese | Shisha no ogori, Man'en gannen no futtoboru, Teach Us to Outgrow Our Madness |
| 1993 | Toni Morrison | American | The Bluest Eye, Sula, Song of Solomon, Tar Baby, Beloved, Jazz |
| 1992 | Derek Walcott | St. Lucian | Epitaph for the Young, Xll Cantos, In a Green Night, Poems 1948–60, The Fortunate Traveller |
| 1991 | Nadine Gordimer | South African | A Guest of Honour, The Conservationist, Burger's Daughter, July's People, A Sport of Nature, My Son's Story |
| 1990 | Octavio Paz | Mexican | Sun Stone, Obsidian Butterfly, The Monkey Crammarian |
| 1989 | Camilo José Cela | Spanish | La familia de Pascual Duarte (1942), Pabellón de reposo (1943), Nuevas andanzas y desventuras de Lazarillo de Tormes (1944), La colmena (1951), Mrs. Caldwell habla con su hijo (1952), La catira (1955), Tobogán de hambrientos (1962), San Camilo I936 (1969) |
| 1988 | Naguib Mahfouz | Egyptian | The Thief and the Dogs (1961), Autumn Quail (1962), Small Talk on the Nile (1966) |
| 1987 | Joseph Brodsky | American | To Urania, Watermark, A Part of Speech |
| 1986 | Wole Soyinka | Nigerian | Requiem for a Futurologist (1985), A Play of Giants (1984), The Strong (1966), The Interpreters (1965) |
| 1985 | Claude Simon | French | The Cheat, The Tightrope, The Invitation |
| 1984 | Jaroslav Seifert | Czech | Various collections and newspapers |
| 1983 | William Golding | British | Lord of the Flies, Close Quarters, Rites of Passage |
| 1982 | Gabriel García Márquez | Colombian | El coronel no tiene quien le escriba, Ojos de perro azul, One Hundred Years of Solitude, Love in the Time of Cholera |
| 1981 | Elias Canetti | British | Hochzeit, Der andere Prozess. Kafkas Briefe an Felice [Kafka's Other Trial, tr. 1974], Die gerettete Zunge. Geschichte einer Jugend. [The Tongue Set Free, tr. 1979]. |
| 1980 | Czeslaw Milosz | Polish | Volumes of poetry |
| 1979 | Odysseus Elytis | Greek | "Diary of an Invisible April", "The Monogram", "The Little Mariner" |
| 1978 | Isaac Bashevis Singer | American | The Family Moskat (1950), The Manor (1967), Satan in Goray, The Spinoza of Market Street (1961) |
| 1977 | Vicente Aleixandre | Spanish | Ambit, Destruction or Love, The Shadow of Paradise |
| 1976 | Saul Bellow | American | Dangling Man, Henderson The Rain King (1959), Herzog (1964), Mosby's Memoirs and Other Stories (1968), Mr. Sammler's Planet (1970) |
| 1975 | Eugenio Montale | Italian | Omaggio a Svevo, Ossi di seppia, La farfalla di Dinard, Fuori di casa |
| 1974 | Eyvind Johnson & Harry Martinson | Swedish | De fyra främlingarna, Bobinack, Vinterresa i Norrbotten /// Vägen till Klockrike, Aniara |
| 1973 | Patrick White | Australian | Happy Valley, The Living and the Dead, The Aunt's Story |
| 1972 | Heinrich Böll | German | Der Zug war pünktlich |
| 1971 | Pablo Neruda | Chilean | Crepusculario, Veinte poemas de amor y una cancion desesperada, Residencia en la tierra |
| 1970 | Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn | Russian | One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, The Cancer Ward, Right Hand |
| 1969 | Samuel Beckett | Irish | Molloy, Malone Dies, Endgame, Waiting for Godot |
| 1968 | Yasunari Kawabata | Japanese | Izu dancer, Snow Country, The Old Capital |
| 1967 | Miguel Angel Asturias | Guatemalan | La arquitectura de la vida nueva, Leyendas de Guatemala, El Señor Presidente, Viento fuerte |
| 1966 | Shmuel Yosef Agnon & Nelly Sachs | Israeli / Swedish | Hakhnasat Kalah (The Bridal Canopy), Oreach Nata Lalun (A Guest for the Night), Temol Shilshom (Only Yesterday) /// In den Wohnungen des Todes (In the Houses of Death), Sternverdunkelung (Eclipse of Stars), 1949, Und niemand weiss weiter (And No One Know |
| 1965 | Michail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov | Russian | Donskie rasskazy (Tales from the Don), Tikhi Don (And Quiet Flows the Don), Podnyataya tselina (Virgin Soil Upturned) |
| 1964 | Jean-Paul Sartre (refused the prize) | French | La Nausée (Nausea), Le Mur (Intimacy), L'Etre et le néant (Being and Nothingness), Les Mouches (The Flies), Huis Clos (No Exit) |
| 1963 | Giorgos Seferis | Greek | Strophe (Turning Point), E Sterna (The Cistern), Mythistorema |
| 1962 | John Steinbeck | American | Of Mice and Men, the Red Pony, Tortilla Flat, Cannery Row, the Grapes of Wrath |
| 1961 | Ivo Andric | Yugoslavian | Nemiri (Anxieties), Put Alije Djerzeleza (The Trip of Alija Djerzelez), Pripovetke (Stories), Gospodjica (The Woman from Sarajevo) |
| 1960 | Saint-John Perse | French | Anabase (Anabasis), Exil (Exile), Poème l'Etrangère (Poem to a Foreign Lady) |
| 1959 | Salvatore Quasimodo | Italian | Acque e terre (Waters and Lands), Òboe sommerso (Sunken Oboe), Giorno dopogiorno (Day after Day) |
| 1958 | Boris Leonidovich Pasternak (could not accept prize) | Russian | Doctor Zhivago, Okhrannaya gramota (Safe Conduct), Zemnye prostory (Wide Spaces of the Earth) |
| 1957 | Albert Camus | French | Le Mythe de Sisyphe (The Myth of Sisyphus), L'Étranger (The Stranger), La Peste (The Plague), La Chute (The Fall) |
| 1956 | Juan Ramón Jiménez | Spanish | Almas de violeta (Souls of Violet), Elejías puras (Pure Elegies), Platero y yo (Platero and I), Diario de un poeta recién casado (Diary of a Newly-Wed Poet) |
| 1955 | Halldór Kiljan Laxness | Icelandic | Undir Helgahnúk (Under the Holy Mountain), Vefarinn mikli frá Kasmir (The Great Weaver from Kashmir), Sjalfstaettfolk (Independent People), Ljós heimsins (The Light of the World) |
| 1954 | Ernest Miller Hemingway | American | The Sun Also Rises, A Farewell to Arms, For Whom the Bell Tolls, The Old Man and the Sea |
| 1953 | Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill | British | The World Crisis (1923-29), a History of the English-speaking Peoples (4 vols., 1956-58), The Unrelenting Struggle (1942), The Dawn of Liberation (1945) |
| 1952 | François Mauriac | French | Le Baiser aux lepreux (1922) [A Kiss for the Leper], Le Cahier noir [The Black Notebook], Le Desert de l'amour (1925) [The Desert of Love] |
| 1951 | Pär Fabian Lagerkvist | Swedish | Ångest (1916) [Anguish], Hjärtats sånger (1926) [Songs from the Heart], Bödeln (1933) [The Hangman], Mannen utan själ (1936) [The Man without a Soul] |
| 1950 | Earl (Bertrand Arthur William) Russell | British | The Principles of Mathematics (1903), History of Western Philosophy (1946), Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy (1919) |
| 1949 | William Faulkner | American | The Sound and the Fury (1929), Requiem For A Nun (1951), Light in August (1932), Absalom, Absalom! (1936), Intruder In the Dust (1948), The Reivers |
| 1948 | Thomas Stearns Eliot | British | Prufrock, the Four Quartets, the Waste Land, Ash Wednesday, Murder in the Cathedral |
| 1947 | André Paul Guillaume Gide | French | Les Cahiers d'André Walter (1891) [The Notebooks of André Walter], Les Nourritures terrestres (1897) [Fruits of the Earth], Le Retour de l'enfant prodigue (1907) [The Return of the Prodigal], La Porte étroite (1909) [Strait is the Gate], Les Faux Monnayeu |
| 1946 | Hermann Hesse | Swiss | Glasperlenspiel (1943) [Magister Ludi], Knulp (1915), Demian (1919), Siddhartha (1922), Der Steppenwolf (1927) [Steppenwolf], Narziss und Goldmund. (1930), Die Morgenlandfahrt (1932) [The Journey to the East] |
| 1945 | Gabriela Mistral | Chilean | Sonetos de la muerte, Desolación [Despair], Ternura [Tenderness] |
| 1944 | Johannes Vilhelm Jensen | Danish | Himmerlandshistorier (1898-1910) [Himmerland Stories], Den lange rejse (1908-22) [The Long Journey], Myter, 1907-45 [Myths]) |
| 1943 | None | -- | -- |
| 1942 | None | -- | -- |
| 1941 | None | -- | -- |
| 1940 | None | -- | -- |
| 1939 | Frans Eemil Sillanpää | Finnish | The Maid Silja, Elämä ja aurinko (1916) [Life and Sun]; Ihmislapsia elämän saatossa (1917) [Children of Man in Life's Procession]; Hurskas kurjuus (1919) [Meek Heritage]; Rakas isänmaani (1919) [Beloved Fatherland]; Hiltu ja Ragnar (1923) [Hiltu and Ragna |
| 1938 | Pearl Buck | American | East Wind, West Wind, The Good Earth (1931), Sons (1932), A House Divided (1935) |
| 1937 | Roger Martin du Gard | French | Jean Barois, Les Thibault, Le Testament du Père Leleu |
| 1936 | Eugene O'Neill | American | Bound East for Cardiff, Beyond the Horizon, Anna Christie, Strange Interlude, Bound East for Cardiff (1914), Before Breakfast (1916), The Long Voyage Home (1917), In the Zone (1917), The Moon of the Carabbees (1917), Ile (1917), The Rope (1918), Beyond th |
| 1935 | None | -- | -- |
| 1934 | Luigi Pirandello | Italian | Il fu Mattia Pascal (1904) [The Late Mattia Pascal], I vecchi e i giovani (1913) [The Old and the Young], Si gira (1916) | [Shoot!] |
| 1933 | Ivan Bunin | Russian | Derévnya [The Village], as Sukhodól (1911-12) and Mítina lyubóv (1924-25) [Mitya's Love], the short story Gospodín iz San Francisco (19I6) [The Gentleman from San Francisco], end the autobiographical novel in two volumes, Zhizn Arsénieva (Part I, Istóki d |
| 1932 | John Galsworthy | British | The Island Pharisees (1904), The Forsyte Saga, The Silver Box (1906) |
| 1931 | Erik Axel Karlfeldt | Swedish | Vildmarks-och kärleksvisor [Songs of the Wilderness and of Love], Fridolins visor (1898) [Fridolin's Song], Fridolins lustgård (1901)[Fridolin's Pleasure Garden], Flora och Pomona (1906) [Flora and Pomona], Flora och Bellona (1918) [Flora and Bellona], an |
| 1930 | Sinclair Lewis | American | The Trail of the Hawk, Arrowsmith, Main Street, The Man Who Knew Coolidge (1928) |
| 1929 | Thomas Mann | German | Buddenbrooks, Der kleine Herr Friedemann (1898) [Little Herr Friedemann], Tristan (1903), Der Zauberberg (1924) [The Magic Mountain] |
| 1928 | Sigrid Undset | Norwegian | Kransen (The Garland), Husfrue (The Mistress of Husaby), Korset (The Cross); and Olav Audunssøn i Hestviken (1925 ) [The Master of Hestviken] and its sequel Olav Audunssen og hans børn (1927) [Olav Audunssøn and his Children] |
| 1927 | Henri Bergson | French | Essai sur les donnes immédiates de la conscience (1889) [Time and Free Will], Introduction à la métaphysique (1903 [An Introduction to Metaphysics], Les Deux Sources de la morale et de la religion (1932) [The Two Sources of Morality and Religion] |
| 1926 | Grazia Deledda | Italian | Fior di Sardegna (1892) [Flower of Sardinia],Anime oneste, romanzo famigliare (1895) [Honest Souls], with preface by Ruggero Bonghi; Il vecchio della montagna (1900) [The Old Man of the Mountain] followed by a dramatic sketch Odio vince(1904) [HateWins] ; |
| 1925 | George Bernard Shaw | British | appropriately Plays Pleasant and Unpleasant (1898), Arms and the Man, Man and Superman (1903), Saint Joan (1923), Major Barbara |
| 1924 | Wladyslaw Stanislaw Reymont | Polish | (Pielgrzymka do Jasnej Góry, 1895 [Pilgrimage to the Mountain of Light]), Komedjantka (1896) [The Comedian], Ziemia obiecana (1899) [The Promised Land], The Peasants |
| 1923 | William Butler Yeats | Irish | The Countess Cathleen (1892), The Land of Heart's Desire (1894), Cathleen ni Houlihan (1902), The King's Threshold (1904), and Deirdre (1907) |
| 1922 | Jacinto Benavente | Spanish | Cartas de mujeres (1892-93) [Women's Letters], were El nido ajeno (1894) [Another's Nest] and Gente conocida (1896) [High Society] |
| 1921 | Anatole France | French | Le Jardin d'Épicure (1895) [The Garden of Epicurus], Le Crime de Sylvestre Bonnard (1881), , La Rôtisserie de la Reine Pédauque [At the Sign of the Reine Pédauque] |
| 1920 | Knut Pedersen Hamsun | Norwegian | Sult (1890) [Hunger], Pan (1894), masterpiece Markens Grøde (1917) [Growth of the Soil] |
| 1919 | Carl Friedrich Georg Spitteler | Swiss | Olympian Spring, Prometheus und Epimetheus, Schmetterlinge (1889) [Butterflies]; Friedli der Kolderi (1891); Gustav (1892) ; Litterarische Gleichnisse (1892) [Literary Parables]; Balladen (1896); Der Gotthard (897); Conrad der Leutnant (1898); Lachende Wa |
| 1918 | None | -- | -- |
| 1917 | Karl Adolph Gjellerup & Henrik Pontoppidan | Danish | Scipio Africanus, En idealist (1878) [An Idealist], Saint Just (1885) /// Fra hytterne (1887) [From the Cottages], Det forjaettede land (1891-95) [The Promised Land], Lykke-Per (1898-1904) [Lucky Peter], and De dødes rige (1912-16) [The Kingdom of the Dea |
| 1916 | Carl Gustaf Verner von Heidenstam | Swiss | Ett folk (1902) [One People], Karolinerna (1897-98) [The Charles Men], Folkunga Trädet (1905-07) [The Tree of the Folkungs], Folke Filbyter and Bjälboarvet [The BjäIbo Inheritance] |
| 1915 | Romain Rolland | France | Les Tragédies de la foi (1909) [Tragedies of Faith], Théâtre de la révolution (1909), : L'Aube, Le Matin, L'Adolescent, La Révolte, La Foire sur la place, Antoinette, Dans la maison, Les Amies, Le Buisson ardent, and La Nouvelle Journée [Dawn, Morning, Yo |
| 1914 | None | -- | -- |
| 1913 | Rabindranath Tagore | Indian | Manasi (1890) [The Ideal One], Sonar Tari (1894) [The Golden Boat], Gitanjali (1910) [Song Offerings], Gitimalya (1914) [Wreath of Songs], and Balaka (1916) [The Flight of Cranes] |
| 1912 | Gerhart Johann Robert Hauptmann | German | Vor Sonnenaufgang, Die Weber (1892) [The Weavers], the comedy Der Biberpelz (1893) [The Beaver Coat], the historical drama Florian Geyer (1896), Fuhrmann Henschel (1898) [Drayman Henschel], Rose Bernd (1903), and Die Ratten (1911) [The Rats] |
| 1911 | Count Maurice (Mooris) Polidore Marie Bernhard Maeterlinck | Belgian | Serres chaudes [Ardent Talons], L'Intruse (1890) [The Intruder], Les Aveugles (1890) [The Blind], and the love dramas Pelléas et Mélisande (1892), Alladine et Palomides (1894), and Aglavaine et Sélysette (1896) |
| 1910 | Paul Johann Ludwig Heyse | German | Jugenderinnerungen und Bekenntnisse (Berlin, 1900) [Memories of my Youth and Confessions], Gesammelte Werke (1871-191O) [Collected Works], 36 vols.; Dramatische Dichtungen (1864-1905) [Dramatic Works], 36 vols.; Romane, Novellen, lyrische und epische Gedi |
| 1909 | Selma Ottilia Lovisa Lagerlöf | Swiss | Gösta Berlings Saga, Antikris mirakler (1897) [The Miracles of Antichrist], published Jerusalem (1901-1902) [The Holy City] |
| 1908 | Rudolf Christoph Eucken | German | Geistige Stromungen der Gegenwart (1908) [Main Currents of Modern Thought ], Die Lebensanschauungen der grosser Denker (1890) [The Problem of Human Life as Viewed by the Great Thinkers from Plato to the Present Time ], Der Kampf um einen geistigen Lebensi |
| 1907 | Rudyard Kipling | British | Plain Tales from the Hills (1888), Jungle Book, The Second Jungle Book (1895), The Seven Seas (1896), Captains Courageous (1897), The Day's Work (1898), Stalky and Co. (1899), Just So Stories (1902), Trafficks and Discoveries (1904), Puck of Pook's Hill ( |
| 1906 | Giosuè Carducci | Italian | Levia Gravia (1868) [Light and Heavy], Inno a Satana (1865) [Hymn to Satan], Odi barbare (1877, 1882, and 1889) [The Barbarian Odes] |
| 1905 | Henryk Sienkiewicz | Polish | Latarnik (1882) [The Lighthouse Keeper], Ogniem i mieczem [With Fire and Sword], Potop [The Deluge] and Pan Wolodyjowski [Pan Michael], Quo Vadis? |
| 1904 | Frédéric Mistral & José Echegaray y Eizaguirre | French /// Spanish | Miréio (1859), Calendau (1867), include Lis Isclo d'or (1876) [Islands of Gold], a collection of poems; «Nerto» (1884), a narrative poem based on a chronicle of the Avignon Popes; La Rèino Jano (1890); and Lou pouémo dóu rose (1897) [The Song of the Rhone |
| 1903 | Bjørnstjerne Martinus Bjørnson | Norwegian | Mellem slagene (Between the Battles), En hanske (1883) "A Gauntlet", Det flager i byen og på havnen(1884) "The Heritage of the Kurts" and På Guds veie (1889) "In God's Way" |
| 1902 | Christian Matthias Theodor Mommsen | German | A History of Rome, |
| 1901 | Sully Prudhomme | French | , Stances et Poèmes (1865) [Stanzas and Poems], Croquis Italiens (1866-68) [Italian Notebook]; Solitudes (1869); Impressions de la guerre (1870) [Impressions of War]; Les Destins (1872) [Destinies]; La Révolte des fleurs (1872) [Revolt of the Flowers ]; L |
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