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NRN 102 (CH 46)
CCAC NRN 102 Respiratory Dysfunction
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| That structures make up the upper respiratory tract? | oronasopharynx, pharynx, larynx, and upper part of trachea |
| What structures make up the lower respiratory tract? | Lower trachea, mainstem bronchi, segmental bronchi, subsegmental bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, and alveoli. |
| Respiratory infections account for what part of acute illnesses in children? | Majority |
| Are most respiratory infections in children caused by viruses or bacteria? | viruses |
| At what age do most children have an increase in respiratory infections? | 6 months to 3 years |
| When ascultating lung sounds in a child with a respiratory infection, what would the nurse expect to hear? | Wheezing, crackles, absence of breath sounds |
| What is often the first sign of infection? | Fever |
| Chronic, nonproductive cough, and diffuse wheezing during expiration are common symptoms of | Asthma |
| What is the best sport for a child with asthma to participate in? | swimming |
| Why are pancreatic enzymes given to a child with cystic fibrosis? | The pancreas is unable to secrete the enzymes because the thick mucus blocks the ducts causing pancreatic fibrosis. |
| What are the classic symptoms of cystic fibrosis? | increased viscosity of mucus gland secretions, elevation of sweat electrolytes, increase in several organic and enzymatic consitituents of saliva, abnormalities in autonomic nervous system function. |
| What is a common GI complication of CF? | prolapse of the rectum |
| General term applied to a symptom complex characterized by hoarsness, a resonant cough described as "barking" or "brassy", varying degrees of inspiratory stridor and varying degrees of respiatory distress. | Croup |
| How are croup syndromes described? | According to the primary anatomic area affected. |
| When a child has an acute streptococcal pharyngitis, when can they return to school? | After taking antibiotics for 24 hours. |
| Cool mist vaporizers are recommended for children with respiratory alterations. Why not use steam vaporizers? | Risk of burns from steam. |
| Which of the croup syndromes is considered a medical emergency? | Epiglottitis |
| What is often the first symptom of Cystic Fibrosis? | Meconium ileus |
| What test is performed when cystic fibrosis is suspected? | Sweat test |
| When do the symptoms of Acute Spasmodic Laryngitis usually occur? | At night |
| What is the most common cause of bronchiolitis? | RSV |
| How is bronchiolitis treated? | symptomatically, cool humidified oxygen, adequate fluid intake, airway maintenance, medications |
| What are the three types of pneumonia? | Lobar, bronchopneumonia, and interstitial pneumonia. |
| What are some causes of ARDS in children or adults? | Sepis, trauma, viral pneumonia, fat emboli, drug overdose, reperfusion injury after lung transplant, smoke inhalation, near-drowning. |
| Maternal cigarette smoking is associated with | Increased respiratory infections and illnesses in children, decreased fetal growth, increased deliveries of low-birth weight and preterm infants, increased stillborn infants and increased incidence of SIDS |
Created by:
JayneAnn
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