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Med Surg Test 2
Question | Answer |
---|---|
a break in the bone | Fracture |
What are some causes of Fractures? | Falls, disease process, poor nutrition, steroids, bed rest |
Who is at risk? | Elderly, balance problems, high risk occupations, cancer patients |
What can we do to prevent fractures? | Education, raised toilet seats, night lights, non-skid shoes, hand rails |
A type of fracture: the bone bends and cracks but does not break completely. | Greenstick |
A type of fracture: seperation of the bone ends. | Complete |
A type of fracture: break w/o seperation of bone ends | Incomplete |
A type of fracture: No broken skin, the break is within the skin | Simple |
A type of fracture: broken bone ends protrude through the skin | Compound |
A type of fracture: may puncture internal organs | Complicated |
A type of fracture: ligaments are pulled away from the bone causing bone loss | Avulsion |
A type of fracture: break straight across the bone | Transverse |
A type of fracture: break in slanting position | Oblique |
A type of fracture: a crushed bone | Comminuted |
A type of fracture: twisting of the bone | Spiral |
A type of fracture: pressure applied to the vertebrae | Compression |
A type of fracture: bone is weakened by disease | Pathological |
Fracture of the wrist tat the distal end of the radius; out stretched hand to catch your fall | Colle's Fracture |
Fracture of the distal fibula by chipping the lateral or medial maleoulus leaving the foot bent outward. Combined abduction and external rotation | Pott's Fracture |
Stretching or tearing of ligaments at a joint | Sprain |
Stretching or tearing of muscles or tendons | Strain |
Signs and symptoms of fracture | Pain, loss of function, inflammation, deformity, false motion, crepitation |
Complications of Fractures | shock, fat embolism, gangrene, thrombo embolism, compartment syndrome |
Due to blood loss, pain, or fever, requires immediate attention | Shock |
Fat entering circulatory system due to trauma | Fat embolism |
A serious infection with gram positive clostridium | Ganrene |
Blood clots | Thrombo Embolism |
Progressive development of arterial blood vessel compression, as they are compressed blood flow is reduced to the extremity | Compartment Syndrome |