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joyce&cathys

QuestionAnswer
Important mechanism to maintain patency of central line and prevent occlusion is irrigating and flushing
When irrigating a CVC the syringe capacity must be no smaller than 10cc
When a central line is flushed, at least 10ml of 0.9% NaCl should be used, instilling it with a rapid succession of push-pause movements
Intermittent catheter malfunction, difficulty drawing blood, & a positional IV, in conjunction with radiologic evidence of catheter compression, defines pinch-off syndrome
The usual sites of insertion for CVCs are the subclavian vein & the internal & external jugular
A CVC needs to be positioned so the tip terminates in the superior vena cava
The immediate complications associated with CVCs are usually related to problems involving insertion of the line
Long-term complications of CVCs are often the result of inadequate catheter care
The major preventable complication that can occur any time during therapy with a CVC, including the 24 hr period after removal, is infection
The Valsalva maneuver the forced expiratory effort against a closed airway that is used to increase intrathoracic pressure, raise venous pressure, impede venous return to the rt.atrium & slow the pulse rate
Cardiac tamponade perforation of the pericardium that results in compression of the heart because of leakage of blood or infusate into the pericardial sac
A patient complaining of burning sensation or discomfort during infusions, as well as gurgling sound in the ear CVC dislodgement or migration
A tunneled CVC differs from a nontunneled CVC in that it has a Dacron fuff near the subcutaneous exit that secures the device and provides a microbial barrier
The Groshong catheter differs from other CVCa in that it has a closed-end tip with a three-position pressure-sensitive valve that stays closed when not in use
When heparin locking a Groshong CVC use 0.9% NaCl only
Pneumothorax perforation of of the interpleural space with air accumulation in the mediastinum
When tunneled catheters are used, the advantage(s) to the patient include(s) that they: can be used for multiple purposes
The drug of choice for declotting a clotted short- or long-term device is: a thrombolytic agent
The blunt catheter tip of a three-way valve is called a : Groshong tip
When stress or disease alters the ability to take in food or use energy sources, the body compensates by using its own stores of energy resulting in a state of negative nitrogen balance True
TPN is indicated for patients who are malnurished or in danger of becoming malnourished and require IV nutritional support for periods of seven to ten days False
TPN products contain macronutrients including amino acids, dextrose, and fat emulsions True
High concentrations of dextrose are added to TPN products so that the amino acids can be retained by the body and utilized for protein synthesis True
Lipids can be administered by peripheral or central venous access routes because they are isotonic True
The breaking out or oiling out of fat emulsions is normal and, once shaken up, may be administered False
When TPN is initiated, it should be introduced at a rate of about 50mL/hr, increasing the rate by 25mL/hr increments until the desired rate is established True
Dressing changes and catheter care for CVCs are similiar to that of PICC lines True
The main difference in PICC lines and CVCs is the placement True
PICC lines and CVCs both end in the superior vena cava True
Created by: robjoys
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