click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Resp Alterations
Nursing Management of the Patients with Respiratory Alterations
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Asthma | Chronic disease characterized by recurrent attacks of reversible airway obstruction. |
Status asthmaticus | Severe asthma attacks that are intense, unrelenting and not responsive to the usual modes of therapy. CLINICAL EMERGENCY!!! |
Three Pathological Problems with Asthma. | 1) Bronchial smooth muscle spasm r/t hyperactivity of bronchial smooth muscle 2) Mucosal edema resulting in air trapping 3) Hypersecretion of mucus resulting in increased shunting and hypoxemia. |
Status Asthmaticus precipitating factors. | Respiratory infections Inappropriate use of medications Allergens Stress Environmental factors |
Medical Interventions of Status Asthmaticus | Sympathomimetics (epinephrine) Bronchodilators Steroids Mechanical Ventilation |
Nursing diagnoses for status asthmaticus | Impaired gas exchange r/t shunting Ineffective airway clearance r/t mucous & bronchospasm Activity intolerance Fluid volume deficit Anxiety, Fear (catecholamine rush) |
Pathophysiology of ARDS | Injury with release of vasoactive substances such as kinins and serotonin Autolysis of vascular endothelium Bronchoconstriction Damage to type II pneumocytes |
Medical treatment of ARDS | Mechanical ventilation with PEEP Steroids Oxygen Free Radical Scavengers |
Types of O2 Free Radical Scavengers | Zygris Activated Protein C |