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APHG CH 2 - KIDD

BARRON'S APHG CHAPTER 2 VOCABULARY by Deja, Jennie, & Jimmy

Question	Answer
the distance that can be measured with a standard unit of length, such as a mile or kilometer	absolute distance
the exact position of an object or place, measured within the spatial coordinates of a grid system	absolute location
the relative case with which a destination may be reached from some other place	accessibility
a map projection in which the place is the most developable surface	azimuthal projection
the outer edge of a city's sphere of influence, used in the law of retail gravitation to describe the area of a city's hinterlands that depend on that city for its retail supply	breaking point
a type of thematic map that transforms space such that the political unit with the greatest value for some type of data is represented by the largest relative area	cartograms
a thematic map that uses tones or colors to represent spatial data as average values per unit area	choropleth map
an image of a portion of the earth's surface that an individual creates in his or her mind	cognitive map
the actual or potential relationship between two places, usually refering to economic interactions	complementary
the degree of of economic, social, cultural, or political connection between two places	connectivity
the spread of disease, innovation, or cultural traits through direct contact with another person or another place	contagious diffusion
a standard grid, composed od lines of latitude and longitude, used to determine the absolute location of any object, place or feature of the earth's surface	coordinate system
the decrease in interaction between two phenomena,places, or people as the distance between them increases	distance decay effect
thematic maps that use points to show the precise locations of specific observations or occurences, such as crimes, car accidents, or births	dot maps
the spread of ideas, innovations, fashion, or other phenomena to surrounding areas through contact and exchange	expansion diffusion
a measure of how much absolute distance affects the interaction between two places	friction of distance
a type of map projection that maintains the accurate size and shape of landmasses but completely rearranges direction such that the four cardinal directions - north, south, east, and west - no longer have any meaning	fuller projection
the actual shape of the earth, which is rough and oblate, or slightly squashed	geoid
based on Isaac Newtpn's law of universal gravitation. the degree to which objects are attracted to each other by gravity is the result of the product of their respective masses, divided the square of their distance apart	gravity model
anything in the landscape, real or perceived, that is potentially threatening; avoided in spatial behavior	hazards
involves the transmission of a phenomenon from one place to another because the level of interaction between places that overcomes the actual distances between them.	hierarchial diffusion
the line of longitude that marks where each new day begins, centered in the 180th meridian	international date line
the idea that one place has a demand for some good or service and two places have a supply of equal price and quality, then the closer of the two suppliers to the buyer will represent this	intervening opportunities
contour; lines that represent quantities of equal value and are familiar to those who use topographic maps for navigation	isolines
the angular distance north or south of the equator; parallels	latitude
maps that have large scale ratios and cover smaller regions	large-scale
law that states that people will be drawn to larger cities to conduct business because larger cities have a wider influence on the hinterlnds that surround them	law of retial gravitation
convey a large amount of information by associating charts with specific mapped locations	location charts
the angular distance east or west of the prime meridian; meridian	longitude
a mathematical method that involves transferring the earth's sphere onto a flat surface; all have distortions in either area, directon, distance, or shape	map projections
inform people of spatial behavior	mental map
preserves accurate compass direction,distorts the area of landmasses relative to each other	mercator projection
a line of longitude that runs north-south. all lines of longitude are equal in length and intersect at the poles	meridian
an east-west line of latitude that runs parallel to the equator and that marks the distance north or south of the equator	parallel
cylindrical projection that retains accurate sizes of all the world's landmasses	peter's map projection
a map that displays individual preferences for certain places	preference map
an imaginary line passing through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, England, which marks the 0 degree line of longitude	prime meridian
a map in which a chosen symbol indicates a relative magnitude of some value for a given geographic region	proportional symbols map
maps for locating and navigating between places	reference map
a measure of distance that includes the costs of overcoming the friction of absolute distance separating two places	relative distance
position of a place relative to places around it	relative location
the diffusion of ideas, innovations, behaviors, and the like from one place to another through migration	relocation diffusion
a map'd smallest discernable unit	resolution
projection that doesn't maintain accurate area, shape, distance, or direction but minimizes errors in each	robinson projection
the ratio between the size of an area on a map and the acutal size of that same area on the earth's surface	scale
the absolute location of a place, described by local relief, landforms, and other cultural or physical characteristics	site
the relative location of place in relaton to the physical and cultural characterisitcis of the surrounding area and the connections and interdepedence within rhat system	situation
ratio between map units and ground units is small	small-scale
describes the ways in which phenomena such as technological innovation, cultural trends, or even outbreaks of disease travel over space	spatual diffusion
when a trait of one culture prompts invention or innovation in another	stimulus diffusion
maps that display many variables across a specific space	thematic map
idea that states with increasing transportation and communication technology, the absolute distance between certain places is shrinking	time-space convergence
a map in which the isoline indicates a constant elevation	topographic maps
the amount of connectivity between places, regardless of the absolute distance separating them	topological space
refers to the cost involved in moving goods from one place to another	transferability
use sophisticated software to create dynamic computer maps, some of 3D or interactive	visualization

Created by: BHSAPHG2011

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FIRST SET OF VOCAB

Second set of pop vocab

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