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Concussion Testing
Cranial Nerve | Function | Nerve Type | Clinical Assessment |
---|---|---|---|
III Oculomotor | Pupillary reaction | Motor | Shine light in each eye to assess reaction: upward, downward, and medial gaze |
IV Trochlear | Eye movement | Motor | Have eye follow finger downward and laterally without moving head |
V Trigeminal | Mastication and facial sensation | Both | Identify location of touch about face, hold mouth open against resistance, clench teeth |
VI Abducens | Lateral eye movement | motor | have patient move eyes from side to side; lateral gaze |
VII Facial | facial expressions and taste | both | smile, wrinkle forehead, wink, puff cheeks, close eyes tight, identify tastes with anterior tongue |
VIII Vestibulocochlear | Equilibrium and hearing | sensory | identify sounds, balance assessment |
IX Glossopharyngeal | voice and swallow | both | say "ah", swallow, test gag reflex |
X vagus | voice and gag reflex | both | hoarse voice, test gag reflex |
XI Accessory | Neck strength: sternocleidomastoid and trapezius | motor | resist head rotation and should shrug |
XII Hypoglossal | tongue movement | motor | stick out tongue, resist with tongue depressor |
I Olfactory | Smell | Sensory | Provie distinct smelling objects |
II Optic | Visual acuity | sensory | read small print |