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Ch 12 & 13 Test

Adv. Biology Ch 12 & 13 Test Vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
Somatic Cell Body cell
Gametes Reproductive cells
Meiosis The process of nuclear division that reduces the number of chromosomes by half.
Crossing-over The breakage and exchange of corresponding segments of homologous chromosomes at one or more sites along their length, resulting in genetic recombination
Diploid A cell having both chromosomes of a homologous pair
Haploid A cell having only one chromosome of each homologous pair
Synapsis The pairing of homologous chromosomes
Tetrad The paired homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis
Independent Assortment The random separation of homologous chromosomes
Asexual reproduction Reproduction without the union of gametes
Sexual reproduction Reproduction with the union of gametes
Stigma The female reproductive part of a flower
Anther The male reproductive part of a flower having the pollen
Gene A short segment of DNA
Allele The alternative forms of a gene
Probability The likelihood of that a particular event will occur
Monohybrid Cross A cross between one pair of contrasting traits
Dihybrid Cross A cross between two pair of contrasting traits
P1 Generation The pure plants of Mendel's first generation
F1 Generation The cross-pollinated offspring of the P1 generation
F2 Generation The self-pollinated offspring of the F1 generation
Dominant The trait that masks the other trait of a pair
Recessive The trait that is masked by another trait
Law of Segregation Factors are separated during the formation of gametes.
Law of Independent Assortment Factors are randomly distributed to the gametes during meiosis
Genotype The genetic makeup of an organism
Phenotype The physical appearance of a trait based on the genotype
Homozygous The two alleles of a trait are the same
Heterozygous The two alleles of a trait are different
Incomplete Dominance Alleles of a heterozygous individual blend
Codominance Both alleles of a heterozygous individual appear
Cross pollination The pollen from the male part of a flower fertilizes the female parts of a flower on a different plant
Self Pollination The pollen from the male part of a flower fertilizes the female parts of the same flower or another flower on the same plant.
Created by: jmglbrt
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